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Neogene tectonic evolution of the Misis-Andırın-Engizek range: structural and sedimentary evidences from Bulgurkaya Sedimentary Mélange

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Abstract

Sedimentary mélanges represent submarine mass transport processes and tectonic events in related basins. Systematic examinations of mélanges in orogenic belts provide significant markers for the geodynamical evolution of different tectonic and sedimentary processes, especially during subduction and continental plate collisions. Here, we present a combined analysis of Bulgurkaya Formation which is well exposed in the Misis-Andırın-Engizek mountain range in SE Anatolia (Turkey), focused mainly on the Andırın region, where it is best exposed. This NE-SW oriented range (approximately 200 km long) represents subduction and collision events between Afro-Arabian plates in the south and Tauride platform in the north after Cretaceous. Structural and sedimentological characteristics indicate that the Bulgurkaya Formation originated in a basin affected by different phases of compressional tectonics; however, the main process producing the mélange with a block-in-matrix fabric is inferred to be sedimentary. After formation and emplacement of underlying ophiolite-related tectonic mélanges (Dikenli and Meydan mélanges), late-stage subduction and collision caused instability and destabilised the Tauride nappes in the north represented by Mesozoic carbonates of the Andırın Group. Inclined basin slopes transport debris-type material into the basin that accumulates along the edges while relatively steady fine-grained deposition occurs in the deeper central parts. We infer that the following compression in the region sustain the underthrusting of the Dikenli Fm. beneath the Andırın carbonate nappes and cause tectonic erosion and change the dynamic equilibrium of the northerly wedge-toe leading extensive gravitational mass-wasting deposition of the Bulgurkaya Formation as a polygenetic mélange.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Department of Scientific Research Projects of Çukurova University (Adana/Turkey) for the financial support for this study (Project No: FBA-2017-9772). Also, we would like to extend our sincere thanks to the reviewers for their valuable scientific contribution.

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This study was funded by the Department of Scientific Research Projects of Çukurova University (Adana/Turkey) (Project No: FBA-2017-9772).

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  1. Cukurova Universitesi, Adana, Turkey

    Ahmet Can Akıncı & Ulvi Can Ünlügenç

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  1. Ahmet Can Akıncı
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Correspondence to Ahmet Can Akıncı.

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Akıncı, A.C., Ünlügenç, U.C. Neogene tectonic evolution of the Misis-Andırın-Engizek range: structural and sedimentary evidences from Bulgurkaya Sedimentary Mélange. Arab J Geosci 14, 655 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06991-x

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