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Ba and Sr mineralization of fossil fish bones from metamorphosed Belqa group sediments, Central Jordan: an integrated methodology

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Abstract

Potentially new Ba–Sr phase with (Ca, Ba, Sr)10-x□x[(SO4)3(PO4)3](F−, O2−, Cl−)2 (1 < x < 2) composition belonging to the apatite supergroup was discovered in a recrystallized low-grade combustion metamorphic rocks of the Belqa Group, Central Jordan. The phase occurs as a fibrous subparallel aggregate and was originated by pseudomorphical replacement of precursor fish bone tissues embedded in biomicritic bituminous calcareous sediments. The mineralized fish bone was primarily composed of biogenic carbonate-fluorapatite. The Ba–Sr phase is monoclinic with space group P21/b, the unit cell parameters a = 18.881(19), b = 7.091(12), c = 8.951(12) Å, β = 119.68(8)o, V = 1041.1(14) Å3, and Z = 4. The empirical formula of the Ba–Sr phase is (Ca5.19Ba2.35Sr1.07Na0.06)Σ8.67[(S3.31P2.63Al0.03Si0.02V0.01)Σ6.00O24](F− 1.33O2− 0.58Cl− 0.01)Σ2.00. The primary textural heterogeneity of the bone tissues has controlled sharp compositional zonation of the Ba–Sr phase expressed in patchy distribution of Sr, Ba, Ca, P, and S. The newly-formed Ba–Sr phase represents the extreme case of interaction between precursor fossil biogenic carbonate-fluorapatite and associated Ba and Sr depot minerals (barite and celestine). The reaction took place during long-term and low-grade (T = 450–500 °C) combustion metamorphism of the calcareous sediments under dry conditions. The fossil bones were affected by drastic physical and chemical changes that were completed by the formation of a new mineral phase.

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Acknowledgments

The manuscript benefited much from the thoughtful review and valuable comments by anonymous reviewers, as well as the helpful suggestions of Abdullah M. Al-Amri, Editor-in-Chief Arabian Journal of Geosciences and Dr. Domenico Doronzo, Associate Editor Arabian Journal of Geosciences. We wish to thank Dr. S. Goryainov, E. Nigmatulina and M. Khlestov (IGM, Novosibirsk) for assistance during the analytical work. The study was carried out within the limits of the Memorandum of Understanding on Academic Cooperation between the University of Jordan (Amman) and V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS (Novosibirsk). The Russian contribution was supported by grant 15-05-00760 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan

    Hani N. Khoury

  2. V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Koptyug Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    Svetlana N. Kokh, Ella V. Sokol, Anna Yu. Likhacheva & Yurii V. Seryotkin

  3. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 11 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    Anna Yu. Likhacheva

  4. Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 2 Pirogov Street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    Yurii V. Seryotkin

  5. Institute of Mineralogy UrB RAS, Miass, 456317, Russia

    Elena V. Belogub

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  1. Hani N. Khoury
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Correspondence to Hani N. Khoury.

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Khoury, H.N., Kokh, S.N., Sokol, E.V. et al. Ba and Sr mineralization of fossil fish bones from metamorphosed Belqa group sediments, Central Jordan: an integrated methodology. Arab J Geosci 9, 461 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2503-x

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