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Low Dose Iron Therapy in Children with Iron Deficiency: DNA Damage and Oxidant Stress Markers

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Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Conflicting data are available regarding oral iron therapy in iron deficiency (ID), iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and its relation to DNA damage, oxidative stress and antioxidant markers. Our aim was assessment of DNA damage, oxidative stress and anti-oxidant markers in children with ID and IDA before and after low dose iron therapy. The study was conducted in two stages, first stage was assessment of DNA damage using comet assay, malondialdehyde (MDA) and anti-oxidant enzymes levels (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) & total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in thirty-nine children with IDA, forty-five children with ID without anemia and sixty healthy controls. Second stage was assessment of previous markers together with hematological response following oral therapy with 10 mg/day ferric ammonium citrate for 8 weeks. Before treatment, there was no significant difference between the three groups regarding MDA, GPx, SOD, CAT and TAC. A significant increase was detected in the DNA damage in the 2 groups compared to control (p < 0.005). Following iron therapy, hematological parameters was improved together with a significant increase in GPx (P = 0.04), SOD (p = 0.002), TAC (P = 0.001) and non-significant reduction in DNA damage in IDA group. There was a significant increase in SOD (p = 0.001) & TAC (p = 0.001) and significant decrease in DNA damage (p = 0.001) in ID group. Low dose iron therapy could be sufficient to improve antioxidant status and DNA damage together with correction of hematologic indices.

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Abbreviations

ID:

Iron deficiency

IDA:

Iron deficiency anemia

BMI:

Body mass index

CRP:

C Reactive Protein

Retics:

Reticulocyte count

TIBC:

Total Iron Binding Capacity

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

GPx:

Glutathion Peroxidase

SOD:

Superoxide Dismutase

CAT:

Catalase

TAC:

Total Antioxidant Capacity

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulphoxide

RPMI:

Roswell Park Memorial Institute

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge National Research Centre that funded this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatrics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

    Hanan M. Hamed, Ayat A. Motawie, Amany M. Abd Al-Aziz, Abbass A. Mourad & Hassan M. Salama

  2. Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

    Gamila S. M. El-saeed & Maha El Wasseif

  3. Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

    Eman Mahmoud Hassan, Neveen A. Helmy & Eman Elghoroury

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  1. Hanan M. Hamed
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  2. Ayat A. Motawie
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  3. Amany M. Abd Al-Aziz
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  4. Gamila S. M. El-saeed
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Correspondence to Hanan M. Hamed.

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Hamed, H.M., Motawie, A.A., Abd Al-Aziz, A.M. et al. Low Dose Iron Therapy in Children with Iron Deficiency: DNA Damage and Oxidant Stress Markers. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 37, 287–294 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12288-020-01340-6

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