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The Airway Colonization by Opportunistic Filamentous Fungi in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: Recent Updates

  • Clinical Lab Issues (K Lagrou, Section Editor)
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Abstract

There has been a remarkable increase recently in the isolation of fungi such as Aspergillus fumigatus, species of the Pseudallescheria boydii/Scedosporium apiospermum complex, and Exophiala sp. from the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This review describes the recent insights into the epidemiology, ecology, and physiopathology of the filamentous fungi able to colonize and/or to infect the airways of CF patients, and that may be responsible for accelerated lung function decline. We summarize salient features not only on highly prevalent species such as Aspergillus and Scedosporium, but also on more recently described fungi such as Rasamsonia argillacea. In addition, we discuss the challenges inherent in tracking and interpreting rates of fungal colonization/infection in the CF patient population, taking into consideration the polymicrobial composition of the CF lung environment, the corresponding cross-kingdom interactions, and the new concept of mycobiota. Further research is warranted to clarify the role of fungi in CF lung disease and its therapeutic management.

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Acknowledgments

L. Delhaes is member of the ECMID/ISHAM Working Group on Fungal Respiratory Infections in Cystic Fibrosis and the ECMM/ISHAM Working Group on Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium Infections. L. Delhaes is grateful to Isabelle and Marc Lascombes for their constant interest and fruitful discussions.

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Conflict of Interest

K Touati and LN Do Ngoc both declare no conflicts of interest.

L Delhaes has received research grants from Vaincre la mucoviscidose (Defeat Cystic Fibrosis) and CHRU de Lille, and travel grants from Gilead.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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  1. Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Lille Hospital, Lille 2 University, Boulevard du Pr J. Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex, France

    Kada Touati & Laurence Delhaes

  2. Biology and Diversity of Emerging Eukaryotic Pathogens, Pasteur Institute of Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), University of Lille-Nord de France, Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, EA4547, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245, 59019, Lille Cedex, France

    Do Ngoc Linh Nguyen & Laurence Delhaes

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  1. Kada Touati
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Touati, K., Nguyen, D.N.L. & Delhaes, L. The Airway Colonization by Opportunistic Filamentous Fungi in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: Recent Updates. Curr Fungal Infect Rep 8, 302–311 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-014-0197-7

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