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Finger-actuated wireless-charging wearable multifunctional sweat-sensing system for levodopa and vitamin C

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Abstract

Efficient portable wearable sweat sensors allow the long-term monitoring of changes in the status of biomarkers in sweat, which can be useful in diagnosis, medication, and nutritional assessment. In this study, we designed and tested a wireless, battery-free, flexible, self-pumping sweat-sensing system that simultaneously tracks levodopa and vitamin C levels in human sweat and detects body temperature. The system includes a microfluidic chip with a self-driven pump and anti-reflux valve, a flexible wireless circuit board, and a purpose-designed smartphone app. The microfluidic chip is used for the efficient collection of sweat and the drainage of excess sweat. The dual electrochemical sensing electrodes in the chip are modified with functional materials and appropriate enzymatic reagents, achieving excellent selectivity and stability. The sensitivities of the levodopa sensor and the vitamin C sensor are 0.0073 and 0.0018 µA·µM−1, respectively, and the detection correlation coefficients of both exceed 0.99. Both sensors have a wide linear detection range of 0–100 and 0–1000 µM, respectively, and low detection limits of 0.28 and 17.9 µM, respectively. The flexible wireless circuit board is equipped with the functions of wireless charging, electrical signal capture and processing, and wireless transmission. The data recorded from each sensor are displayed on a smartphone via a self-developed app. A series of experimental results confirmed the reliability of the sweat-sensing system in noninvasively monitoring important biomarkers in the human body and its potential utility in the comprehensive assessment of biological health.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32171373), the Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC (No. 82020108017), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 23ZR1414500), and the Medical Engineering Cross Project of SJTU (No. YG2021QN141).

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  1. Qihong Ning and Shaoqing Feng contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, 200240, China

    Qihong Ning, Qingwen Sun, Ruoyao Yu, Tangan Li, Daxiang Cui & Kan Wang

  2. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Shaoqing Feng

  3. School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Hao Xu

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  1. Qihong Ning
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Ning, Q., Feng, S., Sun, Q. et al. Finger-actuated wireless-charging wearable multifunctional sweat-sensing system for levodopa and vitamin C. Nano Res. 17, 3096–3106 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6197-6

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