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Effect of an External Prosthesis, Immediate Breast Reconstruction, and Body Shape Training on Body Posture, Body Image, and Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer with Unilateral Mastectomy: a Randomized Controlled Trial

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Abstract

The weight of the breasts affects women’s center of gravity; thus, the loss of a unilateral breast directly causes a change in body posture when a patient undergoes unilateral modified radical mastectomy. This study examined the effects of an external prosthesis (EP), immediate breast reconstruction (IBR), and body shape training (BST) on body posture, body image, and quality of life in patients with breast cancer with unilateral mastectomy through an 18-month follow-up. Of 810 individuals screened for eligibility, 722 were enrolled and randomly assigned into three comparison groups (EP [n = 157] vs. IBR [n = 157]; EP [n = 143] vs. BST [n = 143]; IBR [n = 61] vs. BST [n = 61]). IBR was superior to EP and BST, with the smallest trend of changes in body posture, the least body image distress, and a higher quality of life. EP was superior to BST, with the smallest trend of changes in body posture, the least body image distress, and a higher quality of life. IBR can effectively maintain body posture and improve body image, thereby reducing body image distress and improving quality of life. It is the best choice for breast cancer patients with unilateral mastectomy.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the participants of this study for their time and dedication.

Funding

This work was supported by the Sichuan Province Health Commission Foundation (Grant no. 19PJ086) and the Amoena Medizin-Orthopaedie-Technick GmbH Foundation (Grant no. HX-H1912234).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Lin Tao and Ting Zhong contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Day-Care Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Lin Tao, Ting Zhong, Jieying Lv & Lan Fu

  2. Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Hongmei Xie

  3. Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Xiaoxia Zhang

  4. West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxuexiang, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Lan Fu

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  1. Lin Tao
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Contributions

LT and LF contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by LT, TZ, JL, HX, and XZ under the supervision of LF. The first draft of the manuscript was written by LT and TZ. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lan Fu.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

The Clinical Trial and Biomedical Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (No. 2020(348)) approved the data collection procedures that involved the study participants to ensure that they are conducted in accordance with the ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Not applicable/no identifying information was used for any individual participant.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Tao, L., Zhong, T., Lv, J. et al. Effect of an External Prosthesis, Immediate Breast Reconstruction, and Body Shape Training on Body Posture, Body Image, and Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer with Unilateral Mastectomy: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian J Surg 86, 106–116 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-023-03778-0

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