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Effect of Holding Chamber as an Add-on Device on Aerosol Delivery and Fugitive Aerosol from Different Jet Nebulizers

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Abstract

Purpose

A new Circulaire II (holding chamber) was designed to be used with VixOne nebulizer to increase the inhalable doses reaching the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of this holding chamber with VixOne nebulizer and determine its usability with other nebulizers.

Methods

The aerodynamic characteristics of emitted dose of 2 ml salbutamol solution, 5000 μg/ml, were evaluated using cooled Andersen cascade impactor at inhalation flow 15 L/min. The respirable solutions were nebulized using 3JN (VixOne, NebuTech, and En full Kit) with both holding chamber and T-piece. To evaluate the pulmonary and systemic bioavailability, 12 non-smoking health subjects (6 females), > 18 years, with an average(SD) FEV1 > 90% of predicted, inhaled nebulized aerosol of 1 ml respirable solution (5000 μg salbutamol), diluted to 2 ml total volume using normal saline through the same nebulizer setting described above using normal tidal breathing. Subjects provided urine samples 30 min post-dosing (USAL0.5) as an index of pulmonary bioavailability and cumulatively collected their urine for 24 h (USAL24) as an index of systemic bioavailability. To determine the amount that would reach the patients (aerosol-emitted), subjects again inhaled 1 ml salbutamol-diluted respirable solution through the same nebulizer setting described above but with filters to capture salbutamol-emitted.

Results

Amount of salbutamol deposited in the holding chamber was significantly higher than in T-piece among all nebulizers (p < 0.001). The fine particle fraction (FPF), < 3 μm, of VixOne with holding chamber, was significantly higher (p < 0.001) and the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was significantly lower (p = 0.022) than that with T-piece. The NebuTech and Kit had lower FPF and higher MMAD with holding chamber compared to T-piece (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the USAL24 and the emitted aerosol between the 3JNs with holding chamber or T-piece.

Conclusions

Holding chamber did not significantly increase the emitted aerosol or USAL24 responsible for the side effect but improved the FPF < 3 μm and MMAD, responsible for lung deposition, with VixOne-JN only. Holding chamber, or similar add-on device, can be used with other nebulizers other than the VixOne, not to increase the inhaled dose but as a fugitive aerosol saver.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt

    Mona A. Abdelrahman, Raghda R. S. Hussein & Mohamed E. Abdelrahim

  2. Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt

    Ahmed A. Elberry

  3. Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahram Canadian, Giza, Egypt

    Mohamed E. Abdelrahim

Authors
  1. Mona A. Abdelrahman
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  2. Ahmed A. Elberry
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  3. Raghda R. S. Hussein
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  4. Mohamed E. Abdelrahim
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Contributions

Mona Ahmed: Experiment, data entry, statistics, and writing.

Raghda R.S. Hussein: Experiment and study design.

Ahmed A. Elberry: Concept and study design.

Mohamed E. Abdelrahim: Concept, planning of study design, statistics, and writing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohamed E. Abdelrahim.

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This study was conducted in accordance with the amended Declaration of Helsinki. Local institutional review boards and independent ethics committees approved the protocol and written informed consent was obtained from all volunteers.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Abdelrahman, M.A., Elberry, A.A., Hussein, R.R.S. et al. Effect of Holding Chamber as an Add-on Device on Aerosol Delivery and Fugitive Aerosol from Different Jet Nebulizers. J Pharm Innov 15, 73–79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-018-9369-2

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