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Thermal Compensation Control Strategy in Automated Dry Clutch Engagement Dynamics and Launch Manoeuvre

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Abstract

Repeated engagements in dry clutch systems could yield remarkable increase of clutch disk temperature. In dry clutch based transmissions like Automated Manual Transmissions and Dual Clutch Transmissions the overheating leads to poor control of gearshift quality due to unpredictable and fast change of frictional characteristic. Even permanent damage of clutch facings may occur. Under this light, this paper focusing on thermal effects to improve control performances and prevent uncomfortable engagements. To this aim, detailed analyses of dry clutch architecture have been carried out to understand the main phenomena which affect the clutch torque transmissibility. Moreover, a lumped thermal model has been developed to predict both the disk surface and cushion spring temperature in real-time environment. To validate the proposed thermal model, a non-linear least squares method has been used by comparing simulations with finite element results. A control strategy based on model predictive control and thermal compensation effects has been proposed to simulate vehicle launch manoeuvres in flat and up-hill road conditions with low and high initial clutch temperature as well. Finally, the proposed control approach has been compared with classic PI control strategy to prove its effectiveness.

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Abbreviations

α 0…13 :

polynomial coefficients

β :

clutch state parameter

δ f :

cushion spring deflection, mm

ø :

road grade angle, rad

μ :

friction coefficient

ξ :

adimensional throwout bearing position

ρ air :

air density, kg m−3

θ b :

clutch body temperature, K

θ cm :

clutch material temperature, K

θ fs :

cushion spring temperature, K

τ c :

clutch actuator delay, s

ω c :

clutch angular speed, rad s−1

ω e :

engine angular speed, rad s−1

ω sl :

angular sliding speed, rad s−1

ω w :

wheel angular speed, rad s−1

A:

vehicle frontal area, m2

ATM:

automated manual transmission

b e :

engine damping coefficients, Nm s rad−1

b g :

gearbox damping coefficients, Nm s rad−1

CoF:

coeffcient of friction

C x :

air drag coefficient

DCT:

dual clutch transmission

EV:

electric vehicle

f :

rolling resistance coefficient

F fc :

clamping force, N

F max :

maximum cushion spring reaction, N

FEA:

finite element analysis

g :

acceleration of gravity, m s−2

HEV:

hybrid electric vehicle

J cost :

model predictive control cost function

J ef :

equivalent engine inertias, kg m2

J v :

equivalent vehicle inertias, kg m2

m :

vehicle mass, kg

m h :

control horizon

MPC:

model predictive control

n :

number of friction surfaces

p :

contact pressure, Pa

p h :

prediction horizon

PI:

proportional-integral

r :

grar ratio

R m :

clutch mean radius, m

R w :

vehicle wheel radius, m

TCU:

transmission control unit

T e :

engine torque, Nm

T fc :

transmitted clutch torque, Nm

T s :

sampling time, s

T w :

equivalent torque load at wheel, Nm

ν :

vehicle speed, m s−1

ν s :

sliding speed, m s−1

χ pp :

pressure plate position, mm

χ to :

throwout bearing position, mm

χ to kiss :

kiss point position, mm

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084, Italy

    Mario Pisaturo & Adolfo Senatore

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  1. Mario Pisaturo
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  2. Adolfo Senatore
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Correspondence to Mario Pisaturo.

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Pisaturo, M., Senatore, A. Thermal Compensation Control Strategy in Automated Dry Clutch Engagement Dynamics and Launch Manoeuvre. Int.J Automot. Technol. 20, 1089–1101 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0102-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0102-z

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