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In Situ Response of Phytoplankton to Nutrient Additions in a Tropical Coastal Lagoon, (La Mancha, Veracruz, Mexico)

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Abstract

An experimental in situ microcosm study was conducted in the tropical lagoon La Mancha (Gulf of Mexico) to determine whether or not nutrient limitation occurs and to examine the direct effect of an inorganic nutrient pulse on the phytoplankton community structure. The phytoplankton community response to the addition of four treatments with different combinations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and silica (Si) (+N-NH4 +, +P-PO4 −, +Si-SO3, and N:P16) showed that phytoplankton was N-limited as indicated by an increase in phytoplankton biomass (i.e., chlorophyll a) (range, 8–34 mg m−3) during the dry season in two consecutive years (2006 and 2007). Picophytoplankton abundance significantly increased in the +N treatment (145.46 103 cells L−1), while microphytoplankton reached a maximum abundance (68.38 103 cells L−1) in the N:P16 treatment. Phytoplankton composition changed from a community initially dominated by dinoflagellates (e.g., Prorocentrum spp.) to another dominated by diatoms (Thalassiosira and Nitzschia longissima) in the N:P16 treatment. The +N treatment significantly increased Synechococcus sp. growth rates (1.3 divisions per day) (picocyanobacteria). Biomarker pigments measured in the experimental microcosms confirmed observed changes in phytoplankton groups. Our results reveal that La Mancha lagoon is a N-limited coastal system during the dry season and provides evidence of the temporal species successional patterns and mechanisms regulating the phytoplankton community response to nutrient enrichment pulses in this already eutrophic coastal lagoon.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is based on a PhD dissertation submitted to the Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa (UAM-I) by FVC. VHRM participation was partially funded by the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-Term Ecological Research (FCE-LTER) program funded by the USA-National Science Foundation (grant nos. DBI-0620409 and DEB-9910514) as part of an FCE-LTER international collaboration initiative. Special thanks to Drs. Edith Cortés Barberena and Rocío Ortíz from the Department of Health Sciences, UAM-I for allowing the use of their flow cytometer and their excellent technical assistance. We acknowledge CICOLMA field station (INECOL) and its personnel for their logistic support during the study. This paper was greatly enhanced by the critical reviews of Victor Camacho-Ibar and three anonymous reviewers.

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  1. Laboratorio de Ecosistemas Costeros, Departamento de Hidrobiología, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186, Col. Vicentina, México, D. F., 09340, Mexico

    Francisco Varona-Cordero & Francisco J. Gutiérrez-Mendieta

  2. Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, School of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70830, USA

    Victor H. Rivera-Monroy

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  1. Francisco Varona-Cordero
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  2. Francisco J. Gutiérrez-Mendieta
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  3. Victor H. Rivera-Monroy
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Correspondence to Francisco Varona-Cordero.

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Varona-Cordero, F., Gutiérrez-Mendieta, F.J. & Rivera-Monroy, V.H. In Situ Response of Phytoplankton to Nutrient Additions in a Tropical Coastal Lagoon, (La Mancha, Veracruz, Mexico). Estuaries and Coasts 37, 1353–1375 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9806-5

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