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Diversity and Differential Utilization of Amaranthus spp. along the Urban-Rural Continuum of Southern Benin

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Abstract

Diversity and Differential Utilization of Amaranthus spp. along the Urban-Rural Continuum of Southern Benin. Increasing recognition of the importance of traditional vegetables as sources of nutrients, health benefits, and income has raised the need to evaluate and document knowledge of these resources in local communities. Indigenous knowledge is crucial for sustainable utilization of these plant resources, though this might be threatened by urbanization and economic development. We carried out a quantitative ethnobotanical survey to assess the relative importance of amaranth in vegetable production systems of southern Benin and identify the main criteria that determine the choice of this crop by farmers. The diversity, uses, and knowledge of amaranths was investigated to assess how the degree of urbanization affects farmers’ knowledge. Our results showed that Amaranthus cruentus is the main cultivated vegetable in the surveyed areas despite its low economic value. Reasons raised by communities were related to the species’ popularity, resistance to nematodes, nutritional value, and short cultivation cycle. Wild amaranths include A. dubius, A. blitum, A. spinosus, and A. viridis. Amaranths were mainly used as vegetables and for their nutraceutical properties. Urbanization was found to negatively affect the knowledge and uses of wild species, whereas the knowledge and utilization of cultivated species was quite homogenous along the urban-rural continuum. We discuss strategies to increase knowledge of wild resources in urban settings and therefore reduce loss of genetic resources.

Resume

Diversité et utilisation des amarantes ( Amaranthus spp.) le long du continuum urbain-rural au Sud-Bénin. La reconnaissance croissante de la valeur nutritionnelle des légumes locaux, leurs bienfaits pour la santé et leur contribution au revenu des populations a révélé la nécessité d’évaluer et de documenter les connaissances associées à ces espèces au sein des communautés locales. En effet, les connaissances endogènes considérées comme importantes pour la conservation et l’utilisation des ressources phytogénétiques pourraient être en voie de disparition du fait de l’urbanisation et du développement économique. La présente étude a porté sur une enquête ethnobotanique réalisée le long du continuum urbain-rural au Sud-Bénin afin d’évaluer l’importance relative des amarantes et d’identifier les principaux critères qui déterminent le choix de cette culture par les agriculteurs. En outre, la diversité, les usages et les connaissances des amarantes ont été étudiés afin d’évaluer comment le degré d’urbanisation affecte les connaissances des agriculteurs. Nos résultats ont montré que Amaranthus cruentus est la principale espèce cultivée dans les zones étudiées en dépit de sa faible valeur économique. Les raisons évoquées par les producteurs étaient liées à la popularité de l’espèce, sa résistance aux nématodes, sa valeur nutritionnelle et son cycle de culture court. Les amarantes sauvages : A. dubius, A. blitum, A. spinosus et A. viridis étaient principalement utilisées pour leurs propriétés nutraceutiques. Le niveau d’urbanisation affecte la connaissance et l’utilisation des espèces sauvages tandis que la connaissance et l’utilisation des espèces cultivées sont assez homogènes le long du continuum urbain-rural. Des stratégies devant permettre de mieux conserver les connaissances en milieu urbain et de réduire l’érosion des ressources phytogénétiques ont également été proposées.

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Acknowledgments

We kindly acknowledge Prof. Robert Voeks and Dr. Orou Gaoue for their personal contributions to the improvement of the paper. We also thank the two anonymous referees for their critical and insightful comments and suggestions. We are indebted to the farmers of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Sô-ava, and Sèmè-Kpodji for sharing generously their knowledge and experience with us.

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  1. Horticulture and Genetics Unit, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 2549, International Highway, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin

    Olga E. D. Sogbohossou, Enoch G. Achigan-Dako & Adam Ahanchede

  2. Vegetables Research Program, National Institute of Agricultural Research in Benin, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin

    Françoise Assogba Komlan

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  1. Olga E. D. Sogbohossou
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Correspondence to Enoch G. Achigan-Dako.

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Sogbohossou, O.E.D., Achigan-Dako, E.G., Assogba Komlan, F. et al. Diversity and Differential Utilization of Amaranthus spp. along the Urban-Rural Continuum of Southern Benin. Econ Bot 69, 9–25 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-014-9294-3

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