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Control of Early Blight in the San Luis Valley, Colorado

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Abstract

Early blight of potatoes caused by Alternaria solani is a disease that growers in Colorado often do not consider a major problem. However, past and this current research suggest that judicious use of a well-managed fungicide program can significantly reduce disease and increase yields. Additionally, wide spread use of fungicides in various rotations (azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, chlorothalonil, dithiocarbamate, mancozeb and boscalid) was shown to substantially decrease the disease levels of plants in treated versus untreated plots. Field trials evaluating fungicide rotations and application scheduling were conducted using the cultivar Russet Norkotah Selection 8. Treatments were first applied to either coincide with the dates as indicated by the early blight degree day model currently used in the San Luis Valley (~60 days after planting - DAP), or starting later in the season (~80 DAP). While significant differences (P < 0.05) in disease reduction were noted each year using fungicides, there was no corresponding yield advantage of fungicide treated versus the control (un-treated) plots. However, when data were analyzed over three years, a significant higher (P < 0.05) foliar disease control and subsequent yield increase among treatments was observed when a strobilurin product was used first in the fungicide rotation at 78 DAP. Results indicate that for a cost of $100–125/ha, growers can use fungicides with an appropriate rotation of active ingredients to control early blight and potentially increase yields.

Resumen

El tizón temprano de la papa, causado por Alternaria solani, es una enfermedad que a menudo los productores en Colorado no la consideran como un problema mayor. No obstante, investigaciones anteriores y esta sugieren que el uso razonado de un programa de fungicidas bien manejado puede reducir significativamente la enfermedad y aumentar los rendimientos. Además, la gran amplitud del uso de fungicidas en varias rotaciones (azoxistrobina, piraclostrobina, clorotalonil, ditiocarbamato, mancozeb y boscalid) mostró una disminución substancial de los niveles de la enfermedad de las plantas en lotes tratados contra las de los no tratados. Se condujeron ensayos de campo evaluando rotaciones de fungicidas y programaciones de aplicación en la variedad Russet Norkotah Selección 8. Los tratamientos primero se aplicaron ya fuera para coincidir con las fechas como estaba indicado por el modelo de grados día de tizón temprano usado comúnmente en el Valle de San Luis (~60 días después de la siembra, DAP), o empezando más tarde en el ciclo (~80 DAP). Mientras que se notaron diferencias significativas (P < 0.05) en la reducción de la enfermedad cada año usando fungicidas, no había la ventaja correspondiente en rendimiento en los lotes de tratamiento con fungicidas contra el testigo (no tratado). No obstante, cuando se analizaron los datos en tres años, se observó un control significativamente más alto (P < 0.05) de la enfermedad foliar y un aumento subsecuente en el rendimiento entre tratamientos cuando se usó primero un producto de strobilurina en la rotación de fungicidas a 78 DAP. Los resultados indican que por un costo de $ 100–125/ha, los productores pueden usar fungicidas con una rotación apropiada de ingredientes activos para controlar el tizón temprano y aumentar los rendimientos potencialmente.

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Correspondence to Robert D. Davidson.

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Richard Haslar retired from Colorado State University.

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Davidson, R.D., Houser, A.J. & Haslar, R. Control of Early Blight in the San Luis Valley, Colorado. Am. J. Potato Res. 93, 43–49 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-015-9482-4

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