Abstract
In this study, the effect of hollows passing through reinforced concrete (RC) beams in the longitudinal direction on flexural strength was examined. 4 RC beams were designed to satisfy the conditions for implementation. One of the beams was fabricated as a reference specimen and 3 of the remaining beams were fabricated with total of 5 pipes in the tension, neutral axis and compression regions. All experimental beam specimens were subjected to 4-point axial flexural tests with the request for constant flexural moments at the limits of loading. Experimental beams with pipes in the compression region, tensile region and neutral axis regions were confronted with the reference beam in terms of initial stiffness, ductility, load-bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity. It was verified that to provide that both the sufficient stiffness and sufficient ductility conditions for the reinforced concrete beams, do not establish any structural discontinuity, the longitudinal orbicular cross-section hollows created by pipes should be passed through the neutral axis region as much as possible. The results of the present study not only align with those of previous research (e.g., the correlative results) but also extend the current state of research (e.g., the revealed differences) and provide starting points for future research. Conclusions are drawn from these results at the end of the paper.
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Abbreviations
- a:
-
Depth of stress block
- A h :
-
Area of hollow portion
- A h′:
-
Area of hollow portion within the stress block
- A st :
-
Area of tensile reinforcement
- A t :
-
Area of transformed section
- a y :
-
Shear span
- a y/d :
-
Shear span to effective depth ratio
- b :
-
Breadth of the section
- b′:
-
Size of the equivalent square hole
- c :
-
Depth of neutral axis
- c′ :
-
Center of hole from top fiber
- C u :
-
Ultimate compression force for solid section
- C u1 :
-
Ultimate compression force for concrete at hollow section
- C u2 :
-
Ultimate compression force for hole at hollow section
- D :
-
Overall depth
- d :
-
Effective depth
- f cr :
-
Rupture modulus value of concrete
- f y :
-
Steel yield strength
- I cr :
-
Inertia moment of cracked section
- I ucr :
-
Inertia moment of uncracked section
- m :
-
Modular ratio
- M cr :
-
Cracking moment
- M u :
-
Ultimate moment
- T u :
-
Ultimate tensile force
- W cr :
-
Cracking load
- (W cr)E :
-
Experimental cracking load
- (W cr)T :
-
Theoretical cracking load
- W u :
-
Ultimate load
- (W u)E :
-
Experimental ultimate load
- (W u)T :
-
Theoretical ultimate load
- y :
-
Depth of hollow portion
- σ cu :
-
Ultimate cube compression strength of concrete
- ϕ :
-
Hole’s diameter
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Acknowledgments
This study is attributed to the thesis of Emre Korkmaz, a graduate student at Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Civil Engineering Department. Author 1 and Author 2 contributed equally to this work. Within the scope of the study, we would like to thank Assoc Prof. Dr. Hakan Yaciner, Research Assistant Ahmet Ihsan Turan, Research Assistant Alper Celik and graduate student Umytjan Yangibayev for their contribution and support during all phases of the research.
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Kumbasaroglu, A., Korkmaz, E. Effect of Longitudinal Circular Hollows on the Flexural Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams. KSCE J Civ Eng 28, 275–287 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-0424-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-0424-2