Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Lens dose reduction with a bismuth shield in neuro cone-beam computed tomography: an investigation on optimum shield device placement conditions

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Radiological Physics and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the placement distance, number, and position of the bismuth shield for developing a lens protective device for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). To determine the dose reduction rate, the lens doses were measured using an anthropomorphic head phantom and a real-time dosimeter. The image quality assessment was determined by analyzing the change in the pixel value, caused by the bismuth shield, and the artifact index was calculated from the pixel value and image noise within various regions of interest in the head phantom. When the distance between the bismuth shield and the subject was increased, the image quality deteriorated less, but there was also a decrease in the lens dose reduction rate. Upon changing the number of bismuth shields from 1-ply to 2-ply, the dose reduction rate increased; however, there was a decrease in the image quality. Additionally, placing the bismuth shield outside of the subject improved the dose reduction rate without deteriorating the image quality. The optimum placement conditions of the bismuth shield were concluded as follows: positioned outside, placed 10 mm from the surface of the subject, and used a 1-ply bismuth shield. When these placement conditions were used, the lens dose reduction rate was 26.9 ± 0.36% (right–left average) for the “bismuth shield: separate”. The protective device developed in this study will contribute to radiation dose reduction in CBCT scans.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chida K, Inaba Y, Saito H, Ishibashi T, Takahashi S, Kohzuki M, et al. Radiation dose of interventional radiology system using a flat-panel detector. Am J Roentgenol. 2009;193:1680–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chida K, Kaga Y, Haga Y, Kataoka N, Kumasaka E, Meguro T, et al. Occupational dose in interventional radiology procedures. Am J Roentgenol. 2013;200:138–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Chida K, Ohno T, Kakizaki S, Takegawa M, Yuuki H, Nakada M, et al. Radiation dose to the pediatric cardiac catheterization and intervention patient. Am J Roentgenol. 2010;195:1175–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chida K, Saito H, Otani H, Kohzuki M, Takahashi S, Yamada S, et al. Relationship between fluoroscopic time, dose-area product, body weight, and maximum radiation skin dose in cardiac interventional procedures. Am J Roentgenol. 2006;186:774–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Chida K, Takahashi T, Ito D, Shimura H, Takeda K, Zuguchi M. Clarifying and visualizing sources of staff-received scattered radiation in interventional procedures. Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197:W900–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ishii H, Chida K, Satsurai K, Haga Y, Kaga Y, Abe M, et al. A phantom study to determine the optimal placement of eye dosemeters on interventional cardiology staff. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2019;185:409–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kawauchi S, Moritake T, Hayakawa M, Hamada Y, Sakuma H, Yoda S, et al. Estimation of maximum entrance skin dose during cerebral angiography. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi (in Japanese). 2015;71:746–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Matsunaga Y, Chida K, Kondo Y, Kobayashi K, Kobayashi M, Minami K, et al. Diagnostic reference levels and achievable doses for common computed tomography examinations: results from the Japanese nationwide dose survey. Br J Radiol. 2019;92:20180290.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Moritake T, Hayakawa M, Matsumaru Y, Takigawa T, Koguchi Y, Miyamoto Y, et al. Precise mapping system of entrance skin dose during endovascular embolization for cerebral aneurysm. Radiat Meas. 2011;46:2103–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Sánchez RM, Vañó E, Fernández JM, Rosati S, López-Ibor L. Radiation doses in patient eye lenses during interventional neuroradiology procedures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016;37:402–7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Kawauchi S, Chida K, Moritake T, Matsumaru Y, Hamada Y, Sakuma H, et al. Estimation of patient lens dose associated with C-arm cone-beam computed tomography usage during interventional neuroradiology. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2019;184:138–47.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Irie K, Murayama Y, Saguchi T, Ishibashi T, Ebara M, Takao H, et al. Dynact soft-tissue visualization using an angiographic C-arm system: initial clinical experience in the operating room. Neurosurgery. 2008;62:266–72.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kanayama S, Hara T, Hamada Y, Matsumaru Y. Potential of 80-kV high-resolution cone-beam CT imaging combined with an optimized protocol for neurological surgery. Neuroradiology. 2015;57:155–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Struffert T, Richter G, Engelhorn T, Doelken M, Goelitz P, Kalender WA, et al. Visualisation of intracerebral haemorrhage with flat-detector CT compared to multislice CT: results in 44 cases. Eur Radiol. 2009;19:619–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Tsuruta W, Matsumaru Y, Hamada Y, Hayakawa M, Kamiya Y. Analysis of closed-cell intracranial stent characteristics using cone-beam computed tomography with contrast material. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2013;53:403–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Stewart FA, Akleyev AV, Hauer-Jensen M, Hendry JH, Kleiman NJ, MacVittie TJ, Aleman BM, Edgar AB, Mabuchi K, Muirhead CR, Shore RE, Wallace WH. ICRP publication 118: ICRP statement on tissue reactions and early and late effects of radiation in normal tissues and organs-threshold doses for tissue reactions in a radiation protection context. Ann ICRP. 2012;41:1–322.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Endo M, Haga Y, Sota M, Tanaka A, Otomo K, Murabayashi Y, et al. Evaluation of novel X-ray protective eyewear in reducing the eye dose to interventional radiology physicians. J Radiat Res. 2021;62:414–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Haga Y, Chida K, Kaga Y, Sota M, Meguro T, Zuguchi M. Occupational eye dose in interventional cardiology procedures. Sci Rep. 2017;7:569.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Kato M, Chida K, Ishida T, Toyoshima H, Yoshida Y, Yoshioka S, et al. Occupational radiation exposure of the eye in neurovascular interventional physician. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2019;185:151–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Wang C, Nguyen G, Toncheva G, Jiang X, Ferrell A, Smith T, et al. Evaluation of patient effective dose of neurovascular imaging protocols for C-arm cone-beam CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202:1072–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kawauchi S, Chida K, Moritake T, Hamada Y, Matsumaru Y, Tsuruta W, et al. Treatment of internal carotid aneurysms using pipeline embolization devices: measuring the radiation dose of the patient and determining the factors affecting it. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2020;3:389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ciarmatori A, Nocetti L, Mistretta G, Zambelli G, Costi T. Reducing absorbed dose to eye lenses in head CT examinations: the effect of bismuth shielding. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. 2016;39:583–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Colletti PM, Micheli OA, Lee KH. To shield or not to shield: application of bismuth breast shields. Am J Roentgenol. 2013;200:503–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Hopper KD. Orbital, thyroid, and breast superficial radiation shielding for patients undergoing diagnostic CT. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2002;23:423–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Hopper KD, Neuman JD, King SH, Kunselman AR. Radioprotection to the eye during CT scanning. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2001;22:1194–8.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Kim JS, Kwon SM, Kim JM, Yoon SW. New organ-based tube current modulation method to reduce the radiation dose during computed tomography of the head: evaluation of image quality and radiation dose to the eyes in the phantom study. Radiol Med. 2017;122:601–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. McLaughlin DJ, Mooney RB. Dose reduction to radiosensitive tissues in CT. Do commercially available shields meet the users’ needs? Clin Radiol. 2004;59:446–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Mehnati P, Malekzadeh R, Sooteh MY. Use of bismuth shield for protection of superficial radiosensitive organs in patients undergoing computed tomography: a literature review and meta-analysis. Radiol Phys Technol. 2019;12:6–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Nikupaavo U, Kaasalainen T, Reijonen V, Ahonen SM, Kortesniemi M. Lens dose in routine head CT: comparison of different optimization methods with anthropomorphic phantoms. Am J Roentgenol. 2015;204:117–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Raissaki M, Perisinakis K, Damilakis J, Gourtsoyiannis N. Eye-lens bismuth shielding in paediatric head CT: artefact evaluation and reduction. Pediatr Radiol. 2010;40:1748–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Wang J, Duan X, Christner JA, Leng S, Grant KL, McCollough CH. Bismuth shielding, organ-based tube current modulation, and global reduction of tube current for dose reduction to the eye at head CT. Radiology. 2012;262:191–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Kawauchi S, Chida K, Moritake T, Hamada Y, Tsuruta W. Radioprotection of eye lens using protective material in neuro cone-beam computed tomography: Estimation of dose reduction rate and image quality. Phys Med. 2021;82:192–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Liao YL, Lai NK, Tyan YS, Tsai HY. Bismuth shield affecting CT image quality and radiation dose in adjacent and distant zones relative to shielding surface: a phantom study. Biomed J. 2019;42:343–51.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Chida K, Kato M, Inaba Y, Kobayashi R, Nakamura M, Abe Y, et al. Real-time patient radiation dosimeter for use in interventional radiology. Phys Med. 2016;32:1475–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Inaba Y, Chida K, Murabayashi Y, Endo M, Otomo K, Zuguchi M. An initial investigation of a wireless patient radiation dosimeter for use in interventional radiology. Radiol Phys Technol. 2020;13:321–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Inaba Y, Nakamura M, Chida K, Zuguchi M. Effectiveness of a novel real-time dosimeter in interventional radiology: a comparison of new and old radiation sensors. Radiol Phys Technol. 2018;11:445–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Inaba Y, Nakamura M, Zuguchi M, Chida K. Development of novel real-time radiation systems using 4-channel sensors. Sensors (Basel). 2020;20:2741.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kato M, Chida K, Nakamura M, Toyoshima H, Terata K, Abe Y. New real-time patient radiation dosimeter for use in radiofrequency catheter ablation. J Radiat Res. 2019;60:215–20.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  39. Nakamura M, Chida K, Zuguchi M. Red emission phosphor for real-time skin dosimeter for fluoroscopy and interventional radiology. Med Phys. 2014;41:101913.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Nakamura M, Chida K, Zuguchi M. Novel dosimeter using a nontoxic phosphor for real-time monitoring of patient radiation dose in interventional radiology. Am J Roentgenol. 2015;205:W202–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Dong Y, Shi AJ, Wu JL, Wang RX, Sun LF, Liu AL, et al. Metal artifact reduction using virtual monochromatic images for patients with pedicle screws implants on CT. Eur Spine J. 2016;25:1754–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Kuya K, Shinohara Y, Kato A, Sakamoto M, Kurosaki M, Ogawa T. Reduction of metal artifacts due to dental hardware in computed tomography angiography: assessment of the utility of model-based iterative reconstruction. Neuroradiology. 2017;59:231–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Lin XZ, Miao F, Li JY, Dong HP, Shen Y, Chen KM. High-definition CT Gemstone spectral imaging of the brain: initial results of selecting optimal monochromatic image for beam-hardening artifacts and image noise reduction. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2011;35:294–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Kim DJ, Park MK, Jung DE, Kang JH, Kim BM. Radiation dose reduction without compromise to image quality by alterations of filtration and focal spot size in cerebral angiography. Korean J Radiol. 2017;18:722–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant No: JP19K17183. This study was partly supported by a research award grant from the Japanese Society of Radiological Technology, Tokyo branch.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan

    Satoru Kawauchi & Yusuke Hamada

  2. Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan

    Satoru Kawauchi & Koichi Chida

  3. Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan

    Satoru Kawauchi

  4. Department of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan

    Wataro Tsuruta

Authors
  1. Satoru Kawauchi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Koichi Chida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yusuke Hamada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wataro Tsuruta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Satoru Kawauchi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Research involving human participants

This article does not contain any studies with human participants.

Research involving animals

This article does not contain any studies involving animals.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kawauchi, S., Chida, K., Hamada, Y. et al. Lens dose reduction with a bismuth shield in neuro cone-beam computed tomography: an investigation on optimum shield device placement conditions. Radiol Phys Technol 15, 25–36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12194-021-00644-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12194-021-00644-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation