Abstract
A nanoporous carbon prepared from metal−organic frameworks through high temperature treatment has been examined for the extraction of some endocrine disrupting chemicals (bisphenol A, 4-tert-octylphenol, nonylphenol, and 4-nonylphenol) from bottled juice samples. To obtain an optimum extraction performance, the main experimental parameters for the extraction including the type and volume of the eluent, and the pH and volume of sample solution were investigated. Under the optimized extraction conditions, a linear response for the analytes was obtained in the range of 0.15–100.0 ng mL−1 with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9900 for juice samples. The method detection limit (MDL) and method quantification limit (MQL) for the analytes were 0.04 and 0.13 ng mL−1 for the juice samples. The intra-day and inter-day RSDs were lower than 8.9%. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of juice samples with recoveries from 91.0 to 96.6% for bisphenol A, 91.6 to 99.6% for 4-tert-octylphenol, 86.0 to 96.3% for nonylphenol, and 89.4 to 99.6% for 4-nonylphenol.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Azzouz A, Ballesteros E (2014) Trace analysis of endocrine disrupting compounds in environmental water samples by use of solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr A 1360:248–257
Cabana H, Jones JP, Agathos SN (2007) Preparation and characterization of cross-linked laccase aggregates and their application to the elimination of endocrine disrupting chemicals. J Biotechnol 132(1):23–31
Cai YQ, Jiang GB, Liu JF, Zhou QX (2003) Multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of bisphenol A, 4-n-nonylphenol, and 4-tert-octylphenol. Anal Chem 75(10):2517–2521
Dong ZP, Le XD, Liu YS, Dong CX, Ma JT (2014) Metal organic framework derived magnetic porous carbon composite supported gold and palladium nanoparticles as highly efficient and recyclable catalysts for reduction of 4-nitrophenol and hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorophenol. J Mater Chem A 2(44):18775–18785
Emilia M, Gallardo R, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M (2016) Dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of bisphenol A from milk using magnetic nylon 6 composite and its final determination by HPLC-UV. Microchem J 124:751–756
Feng JJ, Sun M, Li JB, Liu X, Jiang SX (2012) A novel aromatically functional polymeric ionic liquid as sorbent material for solid-phase microextraction. J Chromatogr A 1227:54–59
Hennion MC (1999) Solid-phase extraction: method development, sorbents, and coupling with liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 856:3–54
Hu J, Wang HL, Gao QM, Guo HL (2010) Porous carbons prepared by using metal–organic framework as the precursor for supercapacitors. Carbon 48(12):3599–3606
Huck CW, Bonn GK (2000) Recent developments in polymer-based sorbents for solid-phase extraction. J Chromatogr A 885(1):51–72
Ji Y, Yin J, Xu Z, Zhao C, Huang H, Zhang H, Wang C (2009) Preparation of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for rapid determination of bisphenol A in environmental water and milk samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 395:1125–1133
Jiang HL, Liu B, Lan YQ, Kuratani K, Akita T, Shioyama H, Zong FQ, Xu Q (2011) From metal-organic framework to nanoporous carbon: toward a very high surface area and hydrogen uptake. J Amer Chem Soc 133(31):11854–11857
Kennedy LJ, Vijaya JJ, Kayalvizhi K, Sekaran G (2007) Adsorption of phenol from aqueous solutions using mesoporous carbon prepared by two-stage process. Chem Eng J 132(1–3):279–287
Kuhn P, Forget A, Su DS, Thomas A, Antonietti M (2008) Materials with ultrahigh surface area: dynamic reorganization of porous polymer networks. J Am Chem Soc 130:13333–13337
Liu B, Shioyama H, Akita T, Xu Q (2008) Metal-organic framework as a template for porous carbon synthesis. J Amer Chem Soc 130:5390–5391
Liu B, Han S, Tanaka K, Shioyama H, Xu Q (2009) Metal-organic framework (MOF) as a precursor for synthesis of platinum supporting zinc oxide nanoparticles. Bull Chem Soc of Jpn 82(8):1052–1054
Liu B, Shioyama H, Jiang H, Zhang X, Xu Q (2010) Metal–organic framework (MOF) as a template for syntheses of nanoporous carbons as electrode materials for supercapacitor. Carbon 48(2):456–463
Liu J, Wang H, Wu C, Zhao Q, Wang X, Yi L (2014a) Preparation and characterization of nanoporous carbon-supported platinum as anode electrocatalyst for direct borohydride fuel cell. Int Hydrogen Energy 39(12):6729–6736
Liu L, Feng T, Wang C, Wu Q, Wang Z (2014b) Magnetic three-dimensional graphene nanoparticles for the preconcentration of endocrine-disrupting phenols. Microchimi Acta 181(11–12):1249–1255
Ma X, Li Q, Yuan D (2011) Determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in water by carbon nanotubes solid-phase microextraction fiber coupled online with high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 85(4):2212–2217
Pandiaraj S, Aiyappa BH, Banerjee R, Kurungot S (2014) Post modification of MOF derived carbon via g-C3N4 entrapment for an efficient metal-free oxygen reduction reaction. Chem Commun 50(25):3363–3366
Petit C, Bandosz TJ (2009) MOF-graphite oxide composites: combining the uniqueness of graphene layers and metal-organic frameworks. Adv Mater 21:4753–4757
Regan F, Moran A, Fogarty B, Dempsey E (2003) Novel modes of capillary electrophoresis for the determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals. J Chromatogr A 1014(1–2):141–152
Speltini A, Maiocchi M, Cucca L, Merli D, Profumo A (2014) Solid-phase extraction of PFOA and PFOS from surface waters on functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes followed by UPLC-ESI-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 406(15):3657–3665
Speltini A, Sturini M, Maraschi F, Consoli L, Zeffiro A, Profumo A (2015) Graphene-derivatized silica as an efficient solid-phase extraction sorbent for pre-concentration of fluoroquinolones from water followed by liquid-chromatography fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 1379:9–15
Sun N, Han H, Yan H, Song Y (2014b) A self-assembly pipette tip graphene solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography for the determination of three sulfonamides in environmental water. Anal Chim A 810:25–31
Sun M, Wu QH, Wang C, Wang Z (2014a) Thin-film microextraction for the preconcentration of some endocrine disrupting chemicals in aqueous samples before chromatographic analysis. Anal Methods 6(16):6316–6321
Wang L, Zhang D, Xu X, Zhang L (2016) Application of ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid phase microextraction for highly sensitive simultaneous determination of three endocrine disrupting compounds in food packaging. Food Chem 197:754–760
Weiss R, Molinelli A, Jakusch M, Mizaikoff B (2001) Molecular imprinting and solid phase extraction of flavonoid compounds. Bioseparation 10(6):379–387
Xu GY, Ding B, Shen LF, Nie P, Han JP, Zhang XG (2013) Sulfur embedded in metal organic framework-derived hierarchically porous carbon nanoplates for high performance lithium–sulfur battery. J Mater Chem A 1(14):4490–4496
Yang LH, Luan TG, Lan CY (2006) Solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber silylation for simultaneous determinations of endocrine disrupting chemicals and steroid hormones by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1104(1–2):23–32
Yang SJ, Kim T, Im JH, Kim YS, Lee K, Jung H, Park CR (2012) MOF-derived hierarchically porous carbon with exceptional porosity and hydrogen storage capacity. Chem Mater 24(3):464–470
Yang SJ, Kim T, Lee K, Kim YS, Yoon J, Park CR (2014) Solvent evaporation mediated preparation of hierarchically porous metal organic framework-derived carbon with controllable and accessible large-scale porosity. Carbon 71:294–302
Yu D, Hu XL, Wei ST, Wang Q, He CY, Liu SR (2015) Dummy molecularly imprinted mesoporous silica prepared by hybrid imprinting method for solid-phase extraction of bisphenol A. J Chromatogr A 1396:17–24
Zhang YX, Cheng YX, Chen NN, Zhou YY, Li BY, Gu W, Shi XH, Xian YZ (2014) Recyclable removal of bisphenol A from aqueous solution by reduced graphene oxide-magnetic nanoparticles: adsorption and desorption. J Colloid Interface Sci 421:85–92
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Funding
This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471643, 31571925) and the Innovation Research Program of the Department of Education of Hebei for Hebei Provincial Universities (LJRC009).
Conflict of Interest
Juntao Wang declares that he has no conflict of interest. Lin Hao declares that he has no conflict of interest. Xingli Liu declares that he has no conflict of interest. Chun Wang declares that he has no conflict of interest. Qiuhua Wu declares that he has no conflict of interest. Zhi Wang declares that he has no conflict of interest.
Ethical Approval
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.
Informed Consent
Not applicable.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, J., Hao, L., Wang, C. et al. Nanoporous Carbon as the Solid-Phase Extraction Adsorbent for the Extraction of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals from Juice Samples. Food Anal. Methods 10, 2710–2717 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-017-0828-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-017-0828-z