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Effect of Nutritional Supplementation on Illness Outcome in Adolescents with HIV on HAART: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial

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Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To assess the effect of macronutrient and micronutrient supplementation on body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb), CD4 count, triglyceride levels, and morbidity among adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) living in India.

Methods

A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 80 adolescents (10–19 y) with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for a minimum of 6 mo using simple randomization. Participants in the intervention arm received 400 kcal and 15 g protein as a powder daily and multivitamin tablets thrice weekly for 3 mo. Those in the placebo arm received a similar-appearing sachet containing 100 kcal and 2 g protein daily and a placebo tablet thrice weekly. Weight, height, BMI, Hb, CD4 count, triglycerides, and number of intercurrent illnesses were measured at 3 and 6 mo.

Results

At 6 mo, the intervention group showed an increase in weight from 36.4 ± 10.9 kg to 39.7 ± 8.5 kg and a significant increase in BMI from 16.6 ± 2.3 kg/m2 to 17.5 ± 2.3 kg/m2. Increase in CD4 count in the placebo arm was more than that in the intervention arm, but the difference between the arms was not statistically significant. Intervention group showed a pronounced rise in Hb from 9.7 ± 2.3 g/dL to 11.4 ± 1.6 g/dL, significant reduction in triglyceride levels from 99.2 ± 92.7 mg/dL to 81.0 ± 12.8 mg/dL and reduction in intercurrent illnesses from 32.5% to none.

Conclusions

Nutritional supplementation of adolescents with HIV on HAART improves BMI, hemoglobin, and reduces triglyceride levels and intercurrent illnesses.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the staff in the CMC-ACTFID ART center for their help in recruiting participants and regularly following them up. The authors are also grateful to Alkem Laboratories for providing the micronutrients and placebo.

Funding

The study was funded by the Fluid Research Grant of the Christian Medical College, Vellore.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India

    P. Blessy Sucharita & Mona M. Basker

  2. Adolescent Medicine facility, Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Reshmi Y. S. & Mona M. Basker

  3. Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Valsan Philip Verghese

  4. Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Vishali Jeyaseelan

  5. Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Priscilla Rupali & Peace Clarence

Authors
  1. P. Blessy Sucharita
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  2. Reshmi Y. S.
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  3. Mona M. Basker
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  4. Valsan Philip Verghese
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  5. Vishali Jeyaseelan
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  6. Priscilla Rupali
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  7. Peace Clarence
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Contributions

PBS developed the concept and design of the study, performed literature search, acquired, and analyzed data, performed statistical analysis, prepared and edited the manuscript; RYS performed literature search, prepared, reviewed, and edited the manuscript; MMB and VPV developed the concept and design of the study, analyzed the data, and prepared and reviewed the manuscript; VJ analyzed the data; PR and PC were involved in the recruitment of participants and collection of data; the manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors. MMB will act as the guarantor for this paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mona M. Basker.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

Ethics Committee approval was obtained for the study from the Christian Medical College, Institutional Review Board, Ethical committee (IRB min no. 9117 dated 15.10.2014.)

Consent to Participate

Detailed information about the study was given and explained to the participants as well as to their parents who agreed to participate in the study after which they signed an informed consent and assent form.

Conflict of interest

None.

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Sucharita, P.B., S., R.Y., Basker, M.M. et al. Effect of Nutritional Supplementation on Illness Outcome in Adolescents with HIV on HAART: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Indian J Pediatr 91, 578–583 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-022-04195-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-022-04195-z

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