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The complete mitochondrial genome of the yellow-browed bunting, Emberiza chrysophrys (Passeriformes: Emberizidae), and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Emberiza

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Abstract

Mitochondrial genomes have proved to be powerful tools in resolving phylogenetic relationships. Emberiza chrysophrys (least concern species: IUCN 2013) is a passerine bird in the bunting family, Emberizidae. The complete mitochondrial genome of E. chrysophrys was sequenced. This circular mitochondrial genome was 16,803 bp in length, with an A+T content of 52.26%, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNAs, 22 tRNAs and a putative control region (CR). The CR of E. chrysophrys was divided into three conserved domains. Six conserved sequence boxes in the central conserved domain II were identified as F, E, D, C, b and B. An obvious positive AT-skew and negative GC-skew bias were found for all 28 genes encoded by the H strand, whereas it was the reverse in the remaining nine genes encoded by the L strand. Remarkable rate heterogeneity was present in the mitochondrial genome of E. chrysophrys. Notably, unusual slow rate of evolution in the mitochondrial CR of E. chrysophrys was detected, which is rarely seen in other birds. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out based on 13 PCGs that showed E. pusilla was the sister group of E. rustica, and the monophyly of Emberiza was established.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Binghua Li, Xifeng Li and Lei Chen for assistance, suggestions and comments. This study was supported by the Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecology Safety in Anhui Province, the Key Programme of Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions (no. KJ2013A127), and the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (no. 1308085MC38).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China

    QIONGQIONG REN, JIAN YUAN, LIQIN ZHANG, LEI ZHANG, LAN JIANG & XIANZHAO KAN

  2. School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230039, People’s Republic of China

    LIQIAN REN & BAOWEI ZHANG

  3. The Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China

    DONGSHENG CHEN & XIANZHAO KAN

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  1. QIONGQIONG REN
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  2. JIAN YUAN
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  3. LIQIAN REN
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Correspondence to XIANZHAO KAN or BAOWEI ZHANG.

Additional information

[Ren Q., Yuan J., Ren L., Zhang L., Zhang L., Jiang L., Chen D., Kan X. and Zhang B. 2014 The complete mitochondrial genome of the yellow-browed bunting, Emberiza chrysophrys (Passeriformes: Emberizidae), and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Emberiza. J. Genet. 93, xx–xx]

Qiongqiong Ren, Jian Yuan and Liqian Ren contributed equally to this work.

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REN, Q., YUAN, J., REN, L. et al. The complete mitochondrial genome of the yellow-browed bunting, Emberiza chrysophrys (Passeriformes: Emberizidae), and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Emberiza . J Genet 93, 699–707 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-014-0428-2

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