Abstract
This study investigated the geomagnetic disturbances and high-speed solar-wind streams (HSSs) during the period of solar storms emitted from coronal holes. The contemplated long-term HSS observations were taken from 1963 to 2016. On the basis of the intensity of geomagnetic activity, solar storms were divided into four groups: weak (−50 nT < Dst < −30 nT), moderate (−100 nT < Dst < −50 nT), intense (−200 nT < Dst < −100 nT) and superstorms (Dst < −200 nT). The relationship between solar plasma/field parameters and geomagnetic disturbances was also studied in the course of HSSs. For this purpose, statistical distributions and correlation analyses have been performed during the passage of HSSs causing geomagnetic disturbances on the individual stages. It was found that variations in the magnitude of the magnetic field B (nT) and V (km/s) relative to disturbance storm time (Dst) index occur oppositely. During intense and super solar storms, the Earth’s magnetic field becomes very weak due to a decrease in the Dst index. The annual time-series analysis suggests that the Dst and \({K}_p\)*10 index are of decreasing trends, whereas Bz (nT) and Ey (mV/m) have increasing trends during the study period. Dst best correlates with the \({K}_p*10\) index with the highest value of correlation coefficient (R) to be observed as 0.54. The value of R is found to be 0.51 between Dst and B (nT) during the passage of HSSs.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adebesin B. O., Ikubanni S. O., Kayode J. S. et al. 2013, Afr. Rev. Phys. 8, 19
Akasofu S. I. 1983, Space Sci. Rev. 34, 173
Alves M. V., Echer E., Gonzalez W. D. 2006, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A07S05
Arnoldy R. L. 1971, J. Geophys. Res. 76, 5189
Badruddin B., 1996, Astrophys. Space Sci., 246, 171
Badruddin B., Kumar A. 2015, Sol. Phys. 290, 1271
Badruddin B., Falak Z. 2016, Astrophys. Space Sci. 361, 253
Badruddin B., Kumar A. 2016, Sol. Phys. 291, 559
Bisoi S. K., Chakrabarty D., Janardhan P. et al. 2016, J. Geophys. Res. 121, 3882
Bothmer V., Zhukov A. 2007, Space Weather Phys. Effects, 438. ISBN 3540239073
Cho I.-H., Kwak Y.-S., Marubashi K. et al. 2012, Adv. Space Res. 50, 777
Dessler A. J., Parker E. N. 1959, J. Geophys. Res. 64, 12
Garton T. M. et al. 2018, Astrophys. J. Lett. 869, 1
Gonzalez W. D., Gonzalez A. L. C., Tsurutani B. T. 1990, Planet. Space Sci. 38, 181
Gonzalez W. D., Joselyn J. A., Kamide Y. et al. 1994, J. Geophys. Res. 99, 5771
Gosling J. T., McComas D. J., Phillips J. L. et al. 1991, J. Geophys. Res. 96, 7831
Gupta V., Badruddin B. 2009, Space Sci. 321, 195
Gupta V., Badruddin B. 2010, Sol. Phys. 264, 165
Intriligator D. I. 1973, WDCA Sol. Terr. Phys., Report UAG-27
Kane R. P. 2007, Adv. Space Res. 39, 1890
Kavanagh A., Denton M. 2007, Astronomy Geophys., 48, 6.24
Krieger A. S., Timothy A. F., Roelof E. C. 1973, Sol. Phys. 29, 505
Kumar A., Badruddin B. 2014, Sol. Phys., 289
Lei J., Thayer J. P., Forbes J. M., Sutton E. K. 2008, AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, A3
Library of Congress 2006, Library of Congress, Exhibitions, American Treasures
Lindblad B. A., Lundstedt H., Larsson B. 1989, Sol. Phys. 120, 145
Loewe C. A., Prölss G. W. 1997, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 14209
Long W. 2000, Solar storms impact China’s telecom services, Space-Daily. http://www.spacedaily.com/news/. Accessed Nov 2009
Maris O., Maris G., 2005, Adv. Space Res. 35, 2129
McManus D. J., Carr H. H., Adams B. M. 2011, Effects Geomagn. Disturbances 5, 3
Menvielle M., Berthelier A. 1991, Rev. Geophys., 29, 415
Mustajab F., Badruddin B. 2011, Space Sci. 82, 43
Mustajab F., Badruddin B. 2013, Space Sci. 82, 43
Mustajab F., Badruddin B. 2017, Adv. Spc. Res., 6
Norton P. 2007, The Aurora Borealis and the Telegraph (http://www.rainbowriderstradingpost.com/article1.html)
Ogunjabi O. et al. 2014, Adv. Space Res. 54, 1732
Ovidiu M., Georgeta M. 2005, Adv. Space Res. 35, 2129
Parker E. N. 1963, Interplanetary Dynamical Processes, vol. 8 of Interscience Monographs and Texts in Physics and Astronomy, Interscience Publishers, New York, USA
Prescott G. B. 1860, United States Early Radio History—Telegraph, History, Theory and Practice of the Electric Telegraph, 318
Pulkkinen A., Lindahi S., Viljanen A. et al. 2005, Space. Weather., 3, S08C03
Rathor B., Gupta C. D., Parashar K. K. 2014, Int. J. Geosci. 5, 1602
Richardson I. G. 2018, Living Rev. Solar Phys. 15, 1
Sckopke N. et al. 1966, J. Geophys. Res. 77, 13
Snyder C. W., Neugebauer M., Rao U. R. 1963, J. Geophys. Res. 68, 6361
Space Weather Canada 2009, Geomagnetic effects on communication cables
Sugiura M., Chapman S. 1960, Wiss. Gottingen, Math. Phys. Kl
Tsurutani B. T., Gonzalez W. D. 1997, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 98, AGU, Washington, D.C.
Tu C. Y., Zhou C., Marsch E. et al. 2005, Science 308, 519
Vršnak B., Dumbović M., Čalogović J. et al. 2017, Sol. Phys. 292, 140
Verbanac G., Vršnak B., Živković S. et al. 2001, Astron. Astrophys. 533, 49
Wu C. C., Lepping R. P., Berdichevsky D. B. et al. 2017, Space. Weather. 15, 3
Xystouris G., Sigala E., Mavromichalaki H. 2014, Sol. Phys. 289, 995
Yermolaev Y. I., Lodkina I. G., Nikolaeva N. S. et al. 2018, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 180, 52
Zhang J., Liemohn M. W., Kozyra J. U. et al. 2006, J. Geophys. Res. 111, A01104
Acknowledgments
The author acknowledged the use of the OMNIWeb database of National Aeronautic and Space Administration/Goddard Space Flight Center (https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html/) (NASA/GSFC) for the plasma field parameters for the statistical distribution and the behavior of the geomagnetic disturbances.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tariq, S., Nawaz, H., Qayyum, F. et al. A study of the passage of high-speed solar wind streams, their plasma/field properties and space weather effects of geomagnetic disturbances. J Astrophys Astron 42, 98 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09768-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09768-6