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New age monolithic design-based visible light responsive and reusable photocatalyst material using iron oxide-modified mesoporous titania framework

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Abstract

In this work, we report a facile route for the synthesis of worm-like mesoporous \(\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}\)-doped \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) monolithic composites through a direct template sol–gel method, for the photocatalytic degradation of textile dye (acid blue 113) pollutants. The monolith surface morphology and structural properties have been characterized using p-XRD, HR-SEM–EDAX, HR-TEM–SAED, TGA, UV–Vis–DRS, PLS, FTIR, XPS and BET analyses. The stoichiometric doping of \(\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}\) unleashes visible light photocatalytic activity through a red shift in the light absorption character of \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\), thereby narrowing the energy band gap, and an eventual increase in \(\hbox {e}^{-}/\hbox {h}^{+}\) separation centres. The monolithic photocatalyst exhibits better properties in terms of surface area, pore volume and diameter. The physico-chemical parameters, such as solution pH, dopant stoichiometry, catalyst quantity, dye concentration, photo-sensitizers and light intensity have been optimized to enhance the photocatalysis efficiency. The photocatalyst exhibits complete dye mineralization within 0.5 h, and also reusable for five continuous cycles.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the instrumentation support from VIT-Chennai, VIT-Vellore, IIT-Kanpur, BIT-Bengaluru and IIT-Madras, for material characterization. We also thank IGCAR-Kalpakkam for the technical support. This study was funded by Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, in the form of Institute Seed Grant, during the financial year 2018–19.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India

    S Naveen Kumar, Vivek James, Vineeth James, M Akhila Maheswari & D Prabhakaran

  2. Fuel Chemistry Division, Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, 603102, India

    N Sivaraman & C V S Brahmananda Rao

Authors
  1. S Naveen Kumar
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  2. Vivek James
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  3. Vineeth James
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  4. M Akhila Maheswari
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  5. N Sivaraman
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  6. C V S Brahmananda Rao
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  7. D Prabhakaran
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Correspondence to D Prabhakaran.

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Kumar, S.N., James, V., James, V. et al. New age monolithic design-based visible light responsive and reusable photocatalyst material using iron oxide-modified mesoporous titania framework. Bull Mater Sci 43, 84 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-020-2040-9

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