Abstract
Functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with carboxylic acid group (–COOH) have been utilized for the preparation of epoxy nanocomposites. Composites were synthesized using three different wt% (0.5, 0.75 and 1) of MWNTs via the solution mixing technique followed by ultrasonication. Mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of the fabricated composites have been experimented for the suitability of this material in a variety of structural applications. The flexural modulus, strength, hardness, impact strength and storage modulus increased upon increasing MWNTs contents. Best results have been observed in nanocomposites with 0.75 wt% nanotubes loading, which showed 101, 166 and 61% enhancement in the flexural modulus, hardness and storage modulus, respectively, compared to neat epoxy. Achievement of uniform dispersion and hence formation of improved interface between nanotubes and epoxy was the reason behind the maximum enhancement at this wt%, which is further evidenced by the fracture surface morphology obtained from microscopical investigations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wagner H D, Lourie O, Feldman Y and Tenne R 1998 Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 188
Zhou Y, Pervin F, Lewis L and Jeelani S 2008 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 475 157
Mahfuz H, Zainuddin S, Parker M R, Al-Saadi T, Rangari V K and Jeelani S 2009 J. Mater. Sci. 44 1113
Ma P C, Siddiqui N A, Marom G and Kim J K 2010 Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 41 1345
Zhang X, Yan X, Guo J, Liu Z, Jiang D, He Q et al 2015 J. Mater. Chem. C 3 162
Guo J, Zhang X, Gu H, Wang Y, Yan X, Ding D et al 2014 RSC Adv. 4 36560
Theodore M, Hosur M, Thomas J and Jeelani S 2011 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 528 1192
Liao Y H, Marietta-Tondin O, Liang Z, Zhang C and Wang B 2004 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 385 175
Wang S, Liang Z, Liu T, Wang B and Zhang C 2006 Nanotechnology 17 1551
Gojny F H, Wichmann M H, Köpke U, Fiedler B and Schulte K 2004 Compos. Sci. Technol. 64 2363
Breton Y, Desarmot G, Salvetat J P, Delpeux S, Sinturel C, Beguin F et al 2004 Carbon 42 1027
Guadagno L, De Vivo B, Di Bartolomeo A, Lamberti P, Sorrentino A, Tucci V et al 2011 Carbon 49 1919
Špitalský Z, Matějka L, Šlouf M, Konyushenko E N, Kovářová J, Zemek J et al 2009 Polym. Compos. 30 1378
Shen J, Huang W, Wu L, Hu Y and Ye M 2007 Compos. Sci. Technol. 67 3041
Chen X, Wang J, Lin M, Zhong W, Feng T, Chen X et al 2008 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 492 236
Salam M B A, Hosur M V, Zainuddin S and Jeelani S 2013 Open J. Comp. Mater. 3 1
Zhou W, Wang B, Zheng Y, Zhu Y, Wang J and Qi N 2008 Chem. Phys. Chem. 9 1046
Yaping Z, Aibo Z, Qinghua C, Jiaoxia Z and Rongchang N 2006 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 435 145
Ma P C, Kim J K and Tang B Z 2007 Compos. Sci. Technol. 67 2965
Jagtap S B and Ratna D 2013 Express Polym. Lett. 7 329
Lee J H, Rhee K Y and Park S J 2010 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 527 6838
Bal S and Saha S 2014 High Perform. Polym. 26 953
Li Q, Xue Q, Hao L, Gao X and Zheng Q 2008 Compos. Sci. Technol. 68 2290
Geng Y, Liu M Y, Li J, Shi X M and Kim J K 2008 Compos: Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 39 1876
Yang K, Gu M, Guo Y, Pan X and Mu G 2009 Carbon 47 1723
Shen J, Huang W, Wu L, Hu Y and Ye M 2007 Compos: Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 38 1331
Ma P C, Mo S Y, Tang B Z and Kim J K 2010 Carbon 48 1824
Hsu S H, Wu M C, Chen S, Chuang C M, Lin S H and Su W F 2012 Carbon 50 896
Zafar A, Bertocco F, Schjødt-Thomsen J and Rauhe J C 2012 Compos. Sci. Technol. 72 656
Hernández-Pérez A, Avilés F, May-Pat A, Valadez-González A, Herrera-Franco P J and Bartolo-Pérez P 2008 Compos. Sci. Technol. 68 1422
Goertzen W K and Kessler M R 2007 Compos: Part B: Eng. 38 1
Hatakeyama T and Quinn F 1999 Thermal analysis: fundamentals and application to polymer science, 2nd edn (Chichester: John Wiley & Sons) 131
Li G, Lee-Sullivan P and Thring R W 2000 J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 60 377
Velasco-Santos C, Martínez-Hernández A L, Fisher F T, Ruoff R and Castano V M 2003 Chem. Mater. 15 4470
Gojny F H and Schulte K 2004 Compos. Sci. Technol. 64 2303
Xiao K Q, Zhang L C and Zarudi I 2007 Compos. Sci. Technol. 67 177
Abdalla M, Dean D, Adibempe D, Nyairo E, Robinson P and Thompson G 2007 Polymer 48 5662
Bal S 2010 Mater. Des. 31 2406
Ayatollahi M R, Shadlou S and Shokrieh M M 2011 Eng. Fract. Mech. 78 2620
Jen Y M and Wang Y C 2012 Compos: Part B 43 1687
Zhou Y X, Wu P X, Cheng Z Y, Ingram J and Jeelani S 2008 Express Polym. Lett. 2 40
Ramana G V, Padya B, Kumar R N, Prabhakar K V and Jain P K 2010 J. Eng. Mater. Sci. 17 331
Acknowledgements
We cordially thank the Naval Research Board, New Delhi, for providing the financial support for this research work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saha, S., Bal, S. Influence of nanotube content on the mechanical and thermo-mechanical behaviour of –COOH functionalized MWNTs/epoxy composites. Bull Mater Sci 40, 945–956 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-017-1433-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-017-1433-x