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Conservation of Endangered Cordyceps sinensis Through Artificial Cultivation Strategies of C. militaris, an Alternate

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Abstract

Cordyceps, an entomopathogenic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota phylum, is a familiar remedial mushroom that is extensively used in the traditional medicinal system, especially in South Asian nations. The significance of this genus’ members in a range of therapeutic and biotechnological applications has long been acknowledged. The exceedingly valuable fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) is found in the alpine meadows of Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet, and India, where it is severely harvested. Driven by market demand and ecological concerns, the study highlights challenges in natural C. sinensis collection and emphasizes the shift towards sustainable artificial cultivation methods. This in-depth review navigates Cordyceps cultivation strategies, focusing on C. sinensis and the viable alternative, C. militaris. The escalating demand for Cordyceps fruiting bodies and bioactive compounds prompts a shift toward sustainable artificial cultivation. While solid-state fermentation on brown rice remains a traditional method, liquid culture, especially submerged and surface/static techniques, emerges as a key industrial approach, offering shorter cultivation periods and enhanced cordycepin production. The review accentuates the adaptability and scalability of liquid culture, providing valuable insights for large-scale Cordyceps production. The future prospects of Cordyceps cultivation require a holistic approach, combining scientific understanding, technological innovation, and sustainable practices to meet the demand for bioactive metabolites while ensuring the conservation of natural Cordyceps populations.

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Acknowledgements

Kondapalli Vamsi Krishna would acknowledge the fellowship from KSTePS, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of Karnataka for fellowship to pursue his PhD work.

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Author notes

  1. Kondapalli Vamsi Krishna and Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian are equal contributors as first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Kondapalli Vamsi Krishna, Sukanta Bhattacharya & Alok Malaviya

  2. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea

    Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian & Sungkwon Park

  3. Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, India

    Joseph Kadanthottu Sebastian, Manikantan Pappuswamy & Arun Meyyazhagan

  4. Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, People’s Republic of China

    Wen-Chao Liu

  5. Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India

    Hesam Kamyab

  6. Faculty of Social Sciences, Media and Communication, University of Religions and Denominations, Pardisan, Qom, Iran

    Hesam Kamyab

  7. Department of Smart Engineering and Advanced Technology, Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan

  8. QuaLife Biotech Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, India

    Alok Malaviya

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  1. Kondapalli Vamsi Krishna
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Correspondence to Hesam Kamyab, Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan or Alok Malaviya.

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Krishna, K.V., Balasubramanian, B., Park, S. et al. Conservation of Endangered Cordyceps sinensis Through Artificial Cultivation Strategies of C. militaris, an Alternate. Mol Biotechnol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-024-01154-1

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