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Analyzing the Impact of Physicochemical Factors on Chlorella vulgaris Growth Through Design of Experiment (DoE) for Carbon Capture System

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Abstract

The CO2 emission is increasing every year and threatening both humans and the ecosystem. Carbon capture technological innovations have emerged as a potential solution to mitigate this emissions. Due to its high capacity of photosynthetic activity, CO2 sequestration by microalgae, such as Chlorella vulgaris has attracted much attention as a carbon capture system. The growth of this microalgae is influenced by various physicochemical factors. By designing the Design of Experiment (DoE) with Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the effect of several independent factor can be evaluated to optimize Chlorella vulgaris growth condition and CO2 conversion. This study aims to identify the most impact factors affecting C. vulgaris growth through investigating the variations in physicochemical factors of aeration, initial pH, dark light regime, saline, and substrates concentration using DoE. In this study, C. vulgaris was cultivated in batch culture for 10 days with 8 experiments that were designed under various conditions as per experimental run. Biomass growth was observed using optical density and analyzed by first order regression. The result shows that aeration parameters was statistically significant affect microalgae growth, evidence by p-value below 0.05 at all observation points. Runs with aeration treatment showed a prolonged exponential growth phase and delayed onset of the deceleration phase. Additionally, this study also found that the initial pH level also significantly affects growth at the last day of cultivation. Cultures with a higher initial pH reached the stationary phase earlier than those with a lower pH. Thus, the growth of C. vulgaris can be optimized by adding aeration treatment into culture media and regulating initial pH around 8 to enhancing carbon fixation and biomass yield.

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Acknowledgements

This project is supported by Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA) and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) in the framework of Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS).

Funding

This research was funded by Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS): The Project for Integrated Sustainable Energy and Food Production from Microalgae-Based Carbon Capture and Utilization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia

    Fajriana Shafira Nurrusyda, Toto Subroto, Ari Hardianto, Husain Akbar Sumeru, Safri Ishmayana, Uji Pratomo, Diah N. Oktavia, Rina G. Latifah, Dewa A. S. L. A. Dewi & Nova Rachmadona

  2. Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery Between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia

    Nova Rachmadona

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  1. Fajriana Shafira Nurrusyda
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Contributions

Study conception and design: AH, TS; Data collection: DNO, RGL, DASLAD; Analysis and interpretation of result: UP, SI; Draft manuscript preparation: FSN, HAS, NR. For research articles with several authors, a short paragraph specifying their individual.

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Correspondence to Safri Ishmayana.

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Nurrusyda, F.S., Subroto, T., Hardianto, A. et al. Analyzing the Impact of Physicochemical Factors on Chlorella vulgaris Growth Through Design of Experiment (DoE) for Carbon Capture System. Mol Biotechnol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-023-01036-y

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