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Bioprospecting Microalgae from Sewage Water: Assessment of Biochemicals for Biomass Utilization

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Abstract

Microalgal species from sewage treatment plant were identified by 18S rRNA sequencing and were explored for total lipids, carbohydrate, and protein contents, to serve as a potential candidate for biorefinery. Seven unicellular microalgae were identified as Chlorella sorokiniana, Dictyosphaerium sp., Graesiella emersonii belonging to Chlorellaceae and Scenedesmus sp., Desmodesmus sp., Tetranephris brasiliensis, and Coelastrella sp. belonging to Scenedesmaceae family. Biochemical assessment of all isolates revealed total lipid content from 17.49 ± 1.41 to 47.35 ± 0.61% w/w, total carbohydrate content from 12.82 ± 0.19 to 64.29 ± 0.63% w/w, and total protein content from 8.55 ± 0.19 to 16.65 ± 0.20% w/w. FAME analysis of extracted lipid was found to be rich in Hexadecane (C16:0), Tetradecane (C17:0), Octadecane (C18:0), Eicosane (C20:0), Tetracosane (C24:0), Pentacosane (C25:0) fatty acids, the presence of which makes excellent candidate for biodiesel. Being rich in lipid, microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana, Coelastrella sp., and Scenedesmus sp. have high potential for biofuels. Due to the presence of high protein content, Scenedesmus sp. and Chlorella sorokiniana can serve as food or feed supplement, whereas the high carbohydrate content of Dictyosphaerium sp., Coelastrella sp., and Scenedesmus sp. makes them an ideal candidate for fermentative production of alcohol and organic acids. Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp., being dominant microalgae across all seasons, demonstrate remarkable resilience for their cultivation in sewage water and utilization of biomass in biorefineries.

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Data availability

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary material. Raw data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Authors of this work thanks CSIR, Govt. of India for financial support in the form of fellowship and STEP, TIET for laboratory support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Road, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India

    Nirmalya Halder & Dinesh Goyal

  2. Abca BioSolutions Pvt. Ltd., 136 Market Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 3N2, Canada

    Rajiv Kumar Aneja

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  1. Nirmalya Halder
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  2. Dinesh Goyal
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  3. Rajiv Kumar Aneja
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Contributions

NH, RKA, and DG conceived and designed the study. NH performed the data collection. NH and DG analyzed the data. All authors contributed to writing and editing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dinesh Goyal.

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Halder, N., Goyal, D. & Aneja, R.K. Bioprospecting Microalgae from Sewage Water: Assessment of Biochemicals for Biomass Utilization. Mol Biotechnol (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-023-00969-8

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