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Bone Metastasis from Solid Tumors: Biologic and Clinical State of the Art

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Abstract

Bone metastases are a frequent and debilitating consequence for many tumors, of which breast, lung, prostate, and kidney cancer are the most common. The dialog among cancer cells, bone microenvironment, and immune system regulates bone metastasis formation. Indeed, bone and immune system are strictly linked to each other because bone regulates the hematopoietic stem cells from which all cells of the immune system derive. Many immunoregulatory cytokines influence the fate of bone cells and promote the growth of tumor cells in bone, contributing to sustain the vicious cycle of bone metastasis. Bone is an attractive soil for cancer cells, which can remain dormant for years or directly form bone lesions. The fate of cancer cells after their arrival to bone marrow depends on a complex cross-talk among cancer, bone, and immune cells in the microenvironment. This review provides an overview of the different steps occurring during bone metastatic process, with particular attention to the osteoimmunology field. Furthermore, we will revise the current available clinical approaches for the therapy of bone metastatic patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Osteoncology Laboratory, CeRMS, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy

    Ilaria Roato & Riccardo Ferracini

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, CTO Hospital and University of Turin, Turin, Italy

    Alessandro Massè & Riccardo Ferracini

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, CTO Hospital, Turin, Italy

    Raimondo Piana & Riccardo Ferracini

Authors
  1. Ilaria Roato
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  2. Alessandro Massè
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  3. Raimondo Piana
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  4. Riccardo Ferracini
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Correspondence to Ilaria Roato.

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Funding

This work was supported by Cassa di Risparmio di Torino (CRT) and Compagnia di San Paolo Foundations and by Fondazione Ricerca Molinette ONLUS.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Roato, I., Massè, A., Piana, R. et al. Bone Metastasis from Solid Tumors: Biologic and Clinical State of the Art. Clinic Rev Bone Miner Metab 15, 115–122 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12018-017-9233-9

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