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Targeted design of green carbon dot-CA-125 aptamer conjugate for the fluorescence imaging of ovarian cancer cell

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Abstract

Aptamer-Carbon Dot (CD) bioconjugation is an attractive target-tracking strategy in detecting cell surface antigens. This study describes an effective imaging paradigm for CA-125 antigen imaging. Our experience encompasses green CD synthesis and characterization, CD-capture probe conjugation through covalent bonding, the hybridization linkage of CD-probe to aptamer and their coupling confirmation, and fluorescent targeted imaging of ovarian cancer cells. As a result, the synthesized CDs from lemon extract by hydrothermal reaction show average size of 2 nm with maximum fluorescence intensity at excitation/emission 360/450 nm. CD-probe construction was provided by functional group interactions of CD and probe via EDC/NHS chemistry. The linkage of CD-probe to aptamer was conducted by Watson–Crick nucleotide pairing. The assessment of CD-probe and CD-probe-aptamer fabrication was validated by the increase in surface roughness through AFM analysis, the diminish of fluorescence intensity of CD after bioconjugation, and particle size growth of the construct. Conjugates with negligible cytotoxicity, appropriate zeta potential, and good aptamer release were applied in cellular imaging. This targeted diagnosis method was employed the four reported DNA aptamers toward fluorescence intensity. The DOV-3 aptamer showed more qualified detection over other aptamer conjugates during fluorescent microscopy analysis. In conclusion, the CD-probe-aptamer conjugate applications as toxic-free method can open new horizons in fluorescent nano-imaging in the field of targeted cancer cell diagnosis.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUOMS) for financially supporting this project. This study was partly taken from the MSc thesis (IR.TBZMED.VCR.REC.1397.114) that performed at the Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences of Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Fatemeh Heidari, Nasrin Mohajeri & Nosratollah Zarghami

  2. Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Fatemeh Heidari & Nosratollah Zarghami

  3. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Nosratollah Zarghami

  4. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Nosratollah Zarghami

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  1. Fatemeh Heidari
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Heidari, F., Mohajeri, N. & Zarghami, N. Targeted design of green carbon dot-CA-125 aptamer conjugate for the fluorescence imaging of ovarian cancer cell. Cell Biochem Biophys 80, 75–88 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-021-01034-4

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