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Boron-incorporated micro/nano-topographical calcium silicate coating dictates osteo/angio-genesis and inflammatory response toward enhanced osseointegration

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Abstract

Orthopedic implant coatings with optimal surface features to achieve favorable osteo/angio-genesis and inflammatory response would be of great importance. However, to date, few coatings are capable of fully satisfying these requirements. In this work, to take advantage of the structural complexity of micro/nano-topography and benefits of biological trace elements, two types of boron-containing nanostructures (nanoflakes and nanolamellars) were introduced onto plasma-sprayed calcium silicate (F-BCS and L-BCS) coatings via hydrothermal treatment. The C-CS coating using deionized water as hydrothermal medium served as control. Boron-incorporated CS coating stimulated osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Specifically, the combination of β1 integrin-vinculin-mediated cell spreading and activation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway acted synergistically to cause significant upregulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) protein and Runx2 gene expression in BMSCs on the F-BCS coating surface, which induced the transcription of downstream osteogenic differentiation marker genes. F-BCS coating allowed specific boron ion release, which favored angiogenesis as evidenced by the enhanced migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in the coating extract. Boron-incorporated coatings significantly suppressed the expression of toll-like receptor adaptor genes in RAW264.7 macrophages and subsequently the degradation of nuclear factor-κB inhibitor α, accompanied by the inactivation of the downstream pro-inflammatory genes. In vivo experiments confirmed that F-BCS-coated Ti implant possessed enhanced osseointegration compared with L-BCS- and C-CS-coated implants. These data highlighted the synergistic effect of specific nanotopography and boron release from orthopedic implant coating on improvement of osseointegration.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51971236), and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (Grant No. 2020254). This work was sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (19ZR1456700 ). The Inflammatory environment of annular fibrosus promote RSPO2/WNT/BMP loop in intervertebral disc calcification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials CAS, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Kai Li, Xiang Lu, Shiwei Liu, Youtao Xie & Xuebin Zheng

  2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Kai Li, Shiwei Liu, Youtao Xie & Xuebin Zheng

  3. Department of Orthopedic, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaodong Wu

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  1. Kai Li
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  2. Xiang Lu
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  3. Shiwei Liu
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  4. Xiaodong Wu
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Li, K., Lu, X., Liu, S. et al. Boron-incorporated micro/nano-topographical calcium silicate coating dictates osteo/angio-genesis and inflammatory response toward enhanced osseointegration. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 3801–3816 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02517-w

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