Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

An Update on Coronary Artery Disease in Pregnancy

  • Coronary Artery Disease (D Feldman and V Voudris, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of review

We review recent literature regarding coronary artery disease in pregnant women or women desiring pregnancy. This includes preconception counseling, prenatal care, labor and delivery, management of acute events in pregnancy, and postpartum care.

Recent findings

The pregnancy outcomes for women with coronary artery disease and their babies correlate with the degree of recovery from the initial event, coronary revascularization, and current maternal cardiac status. Preconception care includes assessment of cardiac function and management of cardiac medications. Prenatal care includes monitoring for recurrent events and planning for delivery. Delivery planning includes minimizing cardiac ischemia during labor, monitoring for cardiac events, and modifying medications. Postpartum care consists of assessing for recurrent events, assessing medications for compatibility with lactation, and contraception counseling.

Summary

Management is optimized when performed by an interdisciplinary team including Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Cardiology, and Anesthesiology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References and Recommended Reading

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

  1. Gelson E, Gatzoulis MA, Steer P, Johnson MR. Heart disease--why is maternal mortality increasing? BJOG. 2009;116(5):609–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02082.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. • Smilowitz NR, Gupta N, Guo Y, Zhong J, Weinberg CR, Reynolds HR, et al. Acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy and the puerperium in the United States. Mayo Clin Proc. 2018;93(10):1404–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.04.019 Discusses epidemiology of MI in pregnancy.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Kealey A. Coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in pregnancy: a review of epidemiology, diagnosis, and medical and surgical management. Can J Cardiol. 2010;26(6):185–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0828-282x(10)70397-4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. •• ACOG. practice bulletin no. 212: pregnancy and heart disease. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133(5):e320–e56 Guideline for management of CAD in pregnancy.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Codsi E, Tweet MS, Rose CH, Arendt KW, Best PJ, Hayes SN. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in pregnancy: what every obstetrician should know. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(4):731–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000001630.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Paratz ED, Kao C, MacIsaac AI, Somaratne J, Whitbourn R. Evolving management and improving outcomes of pregnancy-associated spontaneous coronary artery dissection (P-SCAD): a systematic review. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. 2018;18:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcha.2017.12.001.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Pierce T, Hovnanian M, Hedgire S, Ghoshhajra B. Imaging of cardiovascular disease in pregnancy and the peripartum period. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2017;19(12):94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-017-0593-8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM. Creasy and Resnik's maternal-fetal medicine : principles and practice. Eighth edition. ed. Philadephia: Elsevier; 2019.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Burchill LJ, Lameijer H, Roos-Hesselink JW, Grewal J, Ruys TP, Kulikowski JD, et al. Pregnancy risks in women with pre-existing coronary artery disease, or following acute coronary syndrome. Heart. 2015;101(7):525–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306676.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Karalis DG, Hill AN, Clifton S, Wild RA. The risks of statin use in pregnancy: a systematic review. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(5):1081–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Edison RJ, Muenke M. Mechanistic and epidemiologic considerations in the evaluation of adverse birth outcomes following gestational exposure to statins. Am J Med Genet A. 2004;131(3):287–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. • Esteve-Valverde E, Ferrer-Oliveras R, Gil-Aliberas N, Baraldès-Farré A, Llurba E, Alijotas-Reig J. Pravastatin for preventing and treating preeclampsia: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2018;73(1):40–55 Reconsideration of statins in pregnancy.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Al-Aqeedi RF, Al-Nabti AD. Drug-eluting stent implantation for acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy with use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, aspirin and clopidogrel. J Invasive Cardiol. 2008;20(5):E146–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Cooper WO, Hernandez-Diaz S, Arbogast PG, Dudley JA, Dyer S, Gideon PS, et al. Major congenital malformations after first-trimester exposure to ACE inhibitors. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(23):2443–51. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa055202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Ain DL, Narula J, Sengupta PP. Cardiovascular imaging and diagnostic procedures in pregnancy. Cardiol Clin. 2012;30(3):331–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Vigorito C, Giordano A, Ferraro P, Acanfora D, De Caprio L, Naddeo C, et al. Hemodynamic effects of magnesium sulfate on the normal human heart. Am J Cardiol. 1991;67(16):1435–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Horlocker TT, Wedel DJ, Benzon H, Brown DL, Enneking FK, Heit JA, et al. Regional anesthesia in the anticoagulated patient: defining the risks (the second ASRA Consensus Conference on Neuraxial Anesthesia and Anticoagulation). Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2003;28(3):172–97.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Anderson PO. Anticoagulants and breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med. 2017;12(2):77–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Squibb B-M. Plavix (clopidogrel) prescribing information. Available at packageinserts bms com/pi/pi_plavix pdf (Accessed 1 April 2015). 2013.

  20. Tsang K, Hartmark-Hill JR. Ticagrelor (Brilinta) for secondary prevention of thrombotic events following acute coronary syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(12):821–2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anna Natenzon MD.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

Anna Natenzon declares that she has no conflict of interest. Bruce Morris declares that he has no conflict of interest. Joshua Schulman-Marcus declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Coronary Artery Disease

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Natenzon, A., Morris, B. & Schulman-Marcus, J. An Update on Coronary Artery Disease in Pregnancy. Curr Treat Options Cardio Med 23, 16 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-020-00893-z

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-020-00893-z

Keywords

Navigation