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Cerebrospinal Fluid Liquid Biopsies in the Evaluation of Adult Gliomas

  • REVIEW
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review aims to discuss recent research regarding the biomolecules explored in liquid biopsies and their potential clinical uses for adult-type diffuse gliomas.

Recent Findings

Evaluation of tumor biomolecules via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an emerging technology in neuro-oncology. Studies to date have already identified various circulating tumor DNA, extracellular vesicle, micro-messenger RNA and protein biomarkers of interest. These biomarkers show potential to assist in multiple avenues of central nervous system (CNS) tumor evaluation, including tumor differentiation and diagnosis, treatment selection, response assessment, detection of tumor progression, and prognosis. In addition, CSF liquid biopsies have the potential to better characterize tumor heterogeneity compared to conventional tissue collection and CNS imaging.

Summary

Current imaging modalities are not sufficient to establish a definitive glioma diagnosis and repeated tissue sampling via conventional biopsy is risky, therefore, there is a great need to improve non-invasive and minimally invasive sampling methods. CSF liquid biopsies represent a promising, minimally invasive adjunct to current approaches which can provide diagnostic and prognostic information as well as aid in response assessment.

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Acknowledgements

This publication was supported by Grant Number UL1 TR002377 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Allison R. Valerius

  2. Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Mason J. Webb

  3. Jordan University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Irbid, Jordan

    Nouran Hammad

  4. Department of Neurology, Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Ugur Sener

  5. University of UT – Huntsman Cancer Institute (Department of Neurosurgery), Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Rachna Malani

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Contributions

A.V. and M.W wrote the main manuscript text. N.H. assisted in the initial manuscript text. A.V. prepared figure 1and Tables 1–3. A.V. prepared the references. U.S and R.M. edited the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Allison R. Valerius.

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Valerius, A.R., Webb, M.J., Hammad, N. et al. Cerebrospinal Fluid Liquid Biopsies in the Evaluation of Adult Gliomas. Curr Oncol Rep 26, 377–390 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01517-6

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