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Chemical Strengthening of Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2 (LZS) and Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2-Al2O3 (LZSA) Sintered Glass-Ceramics

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Abstract

Ion exchange is a chemical method to increase the mechanical strength on the surface of glass-based materials, in which an exchange between an alkaline ion with smaller radius (from glass) and an alkaline ion with larger radius (from molten salt) is promoted. This creates a superficial compression layer, resulting in mechanical strengthening, compensating the cracks created during processing and use of those glass-based materials. In this context, lithium-based sintered glass-ceramics belonging to the Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2 (LZS) and Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2-Al2O3 (LZSA) systems were summited to ion exchange in a NaNO3 salt bath. The temperatures used in these processes varied from 430°C to 500°C, with immersion times from 15 min to 3 h. After the thermal chemical processes, the LZS glass-ceramics presented a sodium content from 0.20 wt.% to 3.11 wt.%, layer depth up to 2500 µm, and mechanical strength increase up to 19.6%. For the LZSA glass-ceramics, the sodium content varied from 0.23 wt.% to 1.03 wt.% and a layer depth up to 2300 µm was obtained, with a 30.4% mechanical strength decrease. For both glass-ceramics systems, a diffusion coefficient in the order of 10−5 cm2/s and a Weibull modulus increase were demonstrated. For comparison, the results of previous research work, in which ion exchange using a NaNO3 salt paste method, are also related.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Brazil, Grant No. 88881.310728/2018-01.The authors are grateful for the support also provided by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) – Brazil, Grant Numbers: 444249/2014-1 and 407032/2013-4. A special thanks to the technical staff of the Mechanical Forming Laboratory (Labconf), Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Laboratory (Cermat), Materials Laboratory (LabMat), from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC).

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  1. Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PGMAT), Laboratory of Glass-Ceramic Materials (VITROCER), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), PO Box 476, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Luyza Bortolotto Teixeira, Elisângela Guzi de Moraes & Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira

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  1. Luyza Bortolotto Teixeira
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Contributions

L.B. Teixeira: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Writing—editing. E.G. Moraes: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing—review. A.P.N. Oliveira: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing—review, Project administration, Supervision.

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Correspondence to Luyza Bortolotto Teixeira.

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Teixeira, L.B., de Moraes, E.G. & de Oliveira, A.P.N. Chemical Strengthening of Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2 (LZS) and Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2-Al2O3 (LZSA) Sintered Glass-Ceramics. JOM 74, 4188–4201 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05340-x

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