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Numerical Simulation of Collision-Coalescence and Removal of Inclusions in a Tundish

  • Multiphase Flows in Materials Processing
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Abstract

Knowledge on the behavior of inclusions in molten steel is crucial to study the fluid flow in the tundish. In this study, an inclusion mass/population conservation model and fluid mass/momentum/energy conservation model were coupled to investigate the spatial distribution of the inclusion volume concentration and inclusion size in the tundish. In this model, collision-coalescence among inclusions occurs due to turbulent collisions and Stokes collisions. The numerical results predict an inclusion size distribution that agrees with experimental data. The inclusion volume concentration decreases while the inclusion characteristic radius increases along the flow path of the molten steel. Furthermore, it is easy for inclusions to collide and aggregate with each other at the guide hole of the baffle, because there is strong turbulent flow there. Also, the inclusion characteristic radius in the distributing chamber is greater than that in the receiving chamber, while the inclusion volume concentration in the distributing chamber is less than that in the receiving chamber.

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Abbreviations

N :

Inclusion number density (1/m3)

C :

Inclusion volume concentration (–)

A :

Constant (–)

B :

Constant (–)

r * :

Inclusion characteristic radius (m)

μ :

Dynamic viscosity (kg/m s)

\( \upsilon \) :

Kinematic viscosity (m2/s)

\( A^{*} \) :

Hamaker constant (–)

\( \vec{u}_{{\rm f}} \) :

Velocity of molten steel (m/s)

\( F_{{\rm C}}^{{\rm c}} \) :

Transport flux of inclusion volume concentration (m/s)

\( F_{{\rm N}}^{{\rm c}} \) :

Transport flux of inclusion number density [1/(m2 s)]

\( F_{{\rm C}}^{{\rm d}} \) :

Diffusion flux of inclusion volume concentration (m/s)

\( F_{{\rm N}}^{{\rm d}} \) :

Diffusion flux of inclusion number density [1/(m2 s)]

\( \beta \) :

Collision rate (m3/s)

\( \kappa \) :

Boltzmann’s constant (–)

\( N_{{\rm T}} \) :

Dimensionless ratio of viscous and van der Waals forces (–)

\( {\text{Sc}} \) :

Schmidt number (–)

\( f \) :

Fractional inclusion number density (1/m4)

\( g \) :

Gravitational acceleration (m/s2)

\( \vec{u}_{{\rm p}} \) :

Inclusion velocity (m/s)

\( \vec{u}_{{\rm C}} ,\vec{u}_{{\rm N}} \) :

Inclusion slipping velocity (m/s)

t :

Time (s)

\( \tau_{0} \) :

Wall friction [kg/(s2 m)]

\( D_{{\rm eff}} \) :

Effective diffusivity of molten steel (m2/s)

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Acknowledgements

The research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanghai Baosteel (No. U1460108) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. N170906004).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China

    Bin Yang, Hong Lei, Qian Bi & Yuanyou Xiao

  2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China

    Bin Yang, Hong Lei, Qian Bi, Yuanyou Xiao & Yan Zhao

Authors
  1. Bin Yang
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  2. Hong Lei
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  3. Qian Bi
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  4. Yuanyou Xiao
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Correspondence to Hong Lei.

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Yang, B., Lei, H., Bi, Q. et al. Numerical Simulation of Collision-Coalescence and Removal of Inclusions in a Tundish. JOM 70, 2950–2957 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-3061-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-3061-3

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