Abstract
Removal of boron from water is a significant issue worldwide. Boron levels in waters containing high concentrations should be kept under control. Boron removal from the industrial wastewater released from Eti Mine Boron plants was investigated by using blend and hybrid membranes in a laboratory-scale pervaporation system. Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Polyvinylidene fluoride blend membrane and Graphene oxide/Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Polyvinylidene fluoride hybrid membranes were synthesized for this process. The membranes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and contact angle measurements. Separation performance was evaluated in terms of flux, removal ratio of boron, and boron concentration in permeate within the membrane. Membranes showed higher separation performance in industrial wastewater. The highest boron removal was obtained as 99.86% with a flux of 0.755 kg/m2h when the 8 wt% graphene oxide loaded hybrid membrane was used. This study indicates that the Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Graphene oxide addition improved the membrane features and separation performances of the pervaporation process with improved hydrophilic membrane features can be preferred as an innovative water treatment method for the removal of boron from industrial wastewater. The obtained results show that pervaporation can be readily adapted to the removal of boron species by appropriate membrane selection.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H. F. Seiler, Handbook on toxicity of inorganiccompounds, MarcelDeckerInc., New York (1998).
N. B. Darwish, A. Alkhudhiri, A. AlAlawi, H. AlRomaih and N. Hilal, J. Water Process. Eng., 38, 101570 (2020)
N. Kabay, E. Güler and M. Bryjak, Desalination, 261, 212 (2010).
Republic of Turkey Ministry of Enviromentand Urban Planning, WaterPollution Control Regulation, Offical Newspaper (2004).
M. Bilen, Ç. Ateş and B. Bayraktar, J. Fac. Eng. Archit. Gaz., 3, 267 (2018).
M. V. Duman, E. Ozmetin, Int. J. Glob. Warm., 6, 252 (2014).
T. A. Saleh and V. K. Gupta, Nanomaterial and polymer membranes: Synthesis, characterization and applications, Elsevier, Cambridge (2016).
K. Ohlrogge, J. Wind and T. Brinkmann, Comprehnsive membrane science and engineering, Oliver Walter Publication, United Kingdom (2010).
R. W. Baker, Membrane technology and applications, John Wiley and Sons Publication, California (2004).
M. R. Pastor, A. F. Ruiz, M. F. Chillon and D. P. Rico, Desalination, 140, 145 (2001).
P. Glueckstern and M. Priel, Desalination, 156, 219 (2003).
N. Ozturk, D. Kavak and T. E. Kose, Desalination, 223, 1 (2008).
Y. Cengeloglu, G. Arslan, A. Tor, I. Kocak and N. Dursun, Sep. Purif. Technol., 64, 141 (2008).
F. Tortora, V. Innocenzi, G. Mazziottidi Celso, F. Veglio, M. Capocelli, V. Piemonte and M. Prisciandaro, Desalination, 428, 21 (2018).
N. Kabay, S. Sarp, M. Yuksel, O. Arar and M. Bryjak, React. Func. Polym., 67, 1643 (2007).
M. Badruk, N. Kabay, M. Demircioglu, H. Mordogan and U. Ipekoglu, Sep. Sci. Technol., 34, 2553 (1999).
N. Kabay, S. Sarp, M. Yuksel, Ö. Kitis, H. Koseoğlu, O. Arar, M. Bryjak and R. Semiat, Desalination, 223, 49 (2008).
N. Kabay, I. Yılmaz, S. Yamac, S. Samatya, M. Yuksel, U. Yuksel, M. Arda, M. Saglam, T. Iwanaga and K. Hirowatari, Reac. Func. Polym., 60, 163 (2004).
D. Kavak, J. Hazard. Mater., 163, 308 (2009).
N. Ozturk and D. Kavak, Adsorption, 10, 245 (2004).
Z. C. Celik, B. Z. Can and M. M Kocakerim, J. Hazard. Mater., 152, 415 (2008).
M. H. Isa, E. H. Ezechi, Z. Ahmed, S. F. Magram and S. R. M. Kutty, Water Res., 51, 113 (2014).
S. Garcia-Segura, M. M. Eiband, J. V. de Melo and C. A. Martínez-Huitle, J. Electroanal. Chem., 801, 267 (2017).
A. E. Yilmaz, R. Boncukcuoglu, S. Bayar, B. A. Fil and M. M. Kocakerim, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29, 1382 (2012).
D. Hou, G. Dai, J. Wang, H. Fan, Z. Luan and C. Fu, Desalination, 326, 115 (2013).
T. Itakura, R. Sasai and H. Itoh, Water Res., 39, 2543 (2005).
S. G. Ding, X. Q. Cheng, Z. X. Jiang, Y. P. Bai and L. Shao, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 132, 41991 (2015).
M. A. Salehi and R. Rostamani, J. Nov. Appl. Sci., 2, 1072 (2013).
V. Belessiotis, S. A. Kalogirou and E. Delyannis, Thermal solar desalination: Methods and systems, Joe Hayton publication, Chennai (2016).
İ. Y. İpek, N. Kabay and M. Yüksel, Desalination, 310, 151 (2013).
S. Yuksel and Y. Yürüm, Sep. Sci. Technol., 45, 105 (2009)
Y. P. Tang, L. Luo, Z. Thong and T. S. Chung, J. Membr. Sci., 541, 434 (2017).
I. Prihatiningtyas, G. A. Gebreslase and B. V. Bruggen, Desalination, 474, 114198 (2020).
J. Meng, P. Li and B. Cao, Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 1, 28461 (2019).
T. A. Peters, Catalytic pervaporation membranes for close integration of reaction and separation (PhdThesis). TechnischeUniversiteit Eindhoven, Eindhoven (2006).
S. Assabumrungrat, J. Phongpatthanapanich, P. Praserthdam, T. Tagawa and S. Goto, Chem. Eng. J., 95, 57 (2003).
D. Unlu and N.D. Hilmioglu, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 91, 122 (2016).
C. Cannilla, G. Bonura and F. Frusteri, Catalysts, 7, 187 (2017).
B. Smitha, D. Suhanya, S. Sridhar and M. Ramakrishna, J. Membr. Sci., 241, 1 (2004).
H. E. A. Brüschke and N. P. Wynn, Membrane separations/pervaporation, in I.D. Wilson, E. D. Adlard, M. Cooke, C. F. Poole (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Separation Science, Academic Press, Germany, 776 (2000).
X. H. Zhang, Q. L. Liu, Y. Xiong, A. M. Zhu, Y. Chen and Q. G. Zhang, J. Membr. Sci., 327, 274 (2009).
J. Lu, Q. Nguyen, J. Zhou and Z. H. Ping, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 89, 2808 (2003).
W. Hong, X. Fang, X. Zhang, Z. Jiang, L. Ben and X. Ma, Sep. Purif. Technol., 64, 183 (2008).
S. Kalyani, B. Smitha, S. Sridhar and A. Krishnaiah, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 9088 (2006).
F. U. Nigiz and N. D. Hilmioglu, Water Supply, 18, 1674 (2018).
L. Lin, J. Hou, Y. Ye, J. Mansouri, Y. Zhang and V. Chen, Appl. Sci., 7, 856 (2017).
K. A. Mahmoud, B. Mansoor, A. Mansour and K. Marwan, Desalination, 356, 208 (2015).
H. M. Hegap and L. Zou, J. Membr. Sci., 484, 95 (2015).
D. C. Tanugi and J. C. Grossman, Desalination, 366, 59 (2015).
T. T. Van Tran, S. R. Kumar, C. H. Nguyen, J. W. Lee, H. A. Tsai, C. H. Hsieh and S. J. Lue, J. Membr. Sci., 619, 118773 (2021).
O. D. Jayakumar, E. H. Abdelhamid, V. Kotari, B. P. Mandal, R. Rao, J. Jagannath and A. K. Tyagi, Dalton Trans., 44, 15872 (2015).
Q. W. Su, H. Lu, J. Y. Zhang and L. Z. Zhang, J. Membr. Sci., 582, 367 (2019).
C. Shuai, Z. Zeng, Y. Yang, F. Qi, S. Peng, W. Yang, C. He, G. Wang and G. Qian, Mat. Design, 190, 1 (2020).
Z. Guo, X. Xu, Y. Xiang, S. Lu and S. P. Jiang, J. Mater. Chem. A., 3, 148 (2015).
H. Bai, X. Wang, Y. Zhou and L. Zhang, Progress in Natural Science: Mater. Inter., 22, 250 (2012).
F. U. Figiz, A. I. Yucak and N. D. Hilmioglu, Water Pract. Technol., 15, 394 (2020).
J. Li and J. Bao, Water, Air Soil Pollut., 231, 3 (2020).
X. Wu, R. W. Field, J. J. Wu and K. Zhnag, J. Membr. Sci., 540, 251 (2017).
X. F. Sun, J. Qin, P. F. Xia, B. B. Guo, C. M. Yang, C. Song and S. G. Wang, Chem. Eng. J., 281, 53 (2015).
M. M. Cheng, L. J. Huang, Y. X. Wang, Y. C. Zhao, J. G. Tang, Y. Wang and S. R. Wickramasinghe, J. Mater. Sci., 54, 252 (2019).
W. Jang, J. Yun, K. Jeon and H. Byun, RSC Adv., 5, 46711 (2015).
M. Wang, G. Yang, P. Jin, H. Tang, H. Wang and Y. Chen, Sci. Rep., 6, 19148 (2016).
K. Sunitha, Y. V. L. Ravi Kumar and S. Sridhar, J. Mater. Sci., 44, 6280 (2009).
Z. Yuan and X. Dan-Li, Desalination, 223, 438 (2008).
Q. G. Zhang, W. W. Hu, A. M. Zhu and Q. L. Liu, RSC Adv., 3, 1855 (2015).
Q. G. Zhang, W. W. Hu, Q. L. Liu and A. M. Zhu, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 129, 3178 (2013).
S. Cao, Y. Shi and G. Chen, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 74, 1452 (1999).
E. Tomczak and M. Blus, Ecol. Chem. Eng. S., 25, 419 (2018).
Z. Wang, H. Yu, J. Xia, F. Zhang, F. Li, Y. Xia and Y. Li, Desalination, 299, 50 (2012).
W. Jang, J. Yun, K. Jeon and H. Byun, RSC Adv., 5, 46711 (2015).
J. Zhang, Z. Xu, W. Mai, C. Min, B. Zhou, M. Shan and X. Qian, J. Mater. Chem. A., 1, 3101 (2013).
Z. Xu, J. Zhang, M. Shan, Y. Li, B. Li, J. Niu and X. Qian, J. Membr. Sci., 458, 1 (2014).
Acknowledgements
The author is thankful to Bursa Technical University Scientific Research Projects Unit (Project No. 191N015) for funding this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ozekmekci, M., Unlu, D. & Copur, M. Removal of boron from industrial wastewater using PVP/PVDF blend membrane and GO/PVP/PVDF hybrid membrane by pervaporation. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 38, 1859–1869 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0845-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0845-x