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Interface microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted multilayer functionally graded materials

激光选区熔化成型多层结构功能梯度材料的界面组织和性能

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Abstract

Functionally graded material (FGM) can tailor properties of components such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and functionality to enhance the overall performance. The selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing highlights the capability in manufacturing FGMs with a high geometrical complexity and manufacture flexibility. In this work, the 316L/CuSn10/18Ni300/CoCr four-type materials FGMs were fabricated using SLM. The microstructure and properties of the FGMs were investigated to reveal the effects of SLM processing parameters on the defects. A large number of microcracks were found at the 316L/CuSn10 interface, which initiated from the fusion boundary of 316L region and extended along the building direction. The elastic modulus and nano-hardness in the 18Ni300/CoCr fusion zone decreased significantly, less than those in the 18Ni300 region or the CoCr region. The iron and copper elements were well diffused in the 316L/CuSn10 fusion zone, while elements in the CuSn10/18Ni300 and the 18Ni300/CoCr fusion zones showed significantly gradient transitions. Compared with other regions, the width of the CuSn10/18Ni300 interface and the CuSn10 region expand significantly. The mechanisms of materials fusion and crack generation at the 316L/CuSn10 interface were discussed. In addition, FGM structures without macro-crack were built by only altering the deposition subsequence of 316L and CuSn10, which provides a guide for the additive manufacturing of FGM structures.

摘要

功能梯度材料(FGM)可以在零件的不同区域定制其特性,例如耐磨性、耐腐蚀性和环境适应性。 激光选区熔化(SLM)在制造FGM 上具有出色表现,故本文采用SLM 技术制备了316L/CuSn10/18Ni300/ CoCr 四种材料的FGM,研究了FGM 的微观结构和性能,以揭示SLM 加工参数对缺陷的影响。在 316L/CuSn10 界面处发现了许多微裂纹,这些裂纹自316L 区域的熔合边界萌生并沿成型方向延伸。 18Ni300/CoCr 熔合区的弹性模量和纳米硬度显着下降,低于18Ni300 和CoCr 区域的弹性模量和纳米 硬度。铁元素和铜元素在316L/CuSn10 熔合区充分扩散,而CuSn10/18Ni300 和18Ni300/CoCr 熔合区 中的元素则表现出明显的梯度转变。与其他区域相比,CuSn10/18Ni300 界面和CuSn10 区域具界面结 合区域有明显的尺寸膨胀。最后,本文重点讨论了316L/CuSn10 界面处的材料熔合和裂纹形成的机理。 发现仅通过改变316L 和CuSn10 的沉积顺序就可以成型没有宏观裂纹的FGM,这为FGM 的增材制 造提供了指导。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Di Wang  (王迪), Guo-wei Deng  (邓国威), Yong-qiang Yang  (杨永强), Jie Chen  (陈杰) & Chao-lin Tan  (谭超林)

  2. School of Intelligent Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, China

    Wei-hui Wu  (吴伟辉)

  3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523830, China

    Hao-liang Wang  (王皓亮)

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  1. Di Wang  (王迪)
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  2. Guo-wei Deng  (邓国威)
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  3. Yong-qiang Yang  (杨永强)
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  4. Jie Chen  (陈杰)
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  7. Chao-lin Tan  (谭超林)
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Contributions

The overarching research goals were developed by WANG Di, WU Wei-hui and YANG Yong-qiang. WANG Di and WANG Hao-liang conducted experiments and provided relevant data. DENG Guo-wei and CHEN Jie analyzed the results of experiments. TAN Chao-lin and DENG Guo-wei drafted the manuscript and revised the final version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chao-lin Tan  (谭超林).

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Conflict of interest

WANG Di, DENG Guo-wei, YANG Yong-qiang, CHEN Jie, WU Wei-hui, WANG Hao-liang, TAN Chao-lin declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Foundation item: Project(2020B090922002) supported by Guangdong Provincial Key Field Research and Development Program, China; Projects(51875215, 52005189) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(2019B1515120094) supported by Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund, China

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Wang, D., Deng, Gw., Yang, Yq. et al. Interface microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted multilayer functionally graded materials. J. Cent. South Univ. 28, 1155–1169 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4687-9

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