Abstract
Salt stress is one of the important abiotic factors responsible for inhibiting the growth and development of commercially important crops. The demand for salt-tolerant varieties is growing tremendously with increasing soil salinity. In the present study, the effect of salt stress on four commercially important potato cultivars [‘Kufri Chipsona-1’ (CS-1), ‘Kufri Chandramukhi’ (KCM), ‘Kufri Pukhraj’ (KP), and ‘Kufri Jyoti’ (KJ)] was examined to identify the salt-tolerant levels using in vitro screening. The nodes from microshoots of these cultivars were cultured for 40 days on MS1 medium (basal MS medium + 10 µM AgNO3) containing 0, 100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl. Compared to the control, the morpho-physiological traits varied significantly with maximum growth reduction in cultivar ‘KJ’ cultivar and minimum in ‘CS-1’. The cultivar ‘CS-1’ showed no sign of leaf senescence and remained green on all the salt concentrations, while the other three cultivars (‘KCM’, ‘KP’, and ‘KJ’) turned brown and did not tolerate higher (300 mM) NaCl concentration. Moreover, cultivar ‘CS-1’ was found to have high chlorophyll, carotenoid, proline, sugars, and soluble protein contents on a medium containing 300 mM NaCl compared to the other three cultivars. As part of the antioxidant defense system, the analysis of various enzymes (peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) also showed a significant increase in their activity with an increasing NaCl concentration in cultivar ‘CS-1’. The study concluded that cultivar ‘CS-1’ possessed a higher level of salt tolerance and could adapt to saline environment. We can further conclude that the accumulation of osmolytes and increased antioxidant enzyme activities have an important role in imparting salt tolerance to the plants. Therefore, the outcomes of the study can be utilized as a platform to develop screening strategies for the improvement of commercially important crops.
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Authors are thankful to TIFAC-CORE, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology for providing all required facilities and Council of Scientific.
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This work was funded by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Extramural Research Division, New Delhi through the Project 38(1465)/18/EMR-II.
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DS, AK and MK conducted experiments, DS and AK compiled data and wrote the initial draft of the manuscript, Anil Kumar finalized the manuscript.
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Singh, D., Kaur, A., Kaur, M. et al. In vitro screening of Indian potato cultivars for the salt stress and associated physio-biochemical changes. Biologia 77, 627–639 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-021-00949-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-021-00949-w