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Metabolism of sn-1(3)-Monoacylglycerol and sn-2-Monoacylglycerol in Caecal Enterocytes and Hepatocytes of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta)

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  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

sn-2-Monoacylglycerol (2-MAG) and sn-1(3)-monoacylglycerol [1(3)-MAG] are important but yet little studied intermediates in lipid metabolism. The current study compared the metabolic fate of 2-MAG and 1(3)-MAG in isolated caecal enterocytes and hepatocytes of brown trout (Salmo trutta). 1(3)-Oleoyl [9,10-3H(N)]-glycerol and 2-Oleoyl [9,10-3H(N)]-glycerol were prepared by pancreatic lipase digestion of triolein [9,10-3H(N)]. The 1(3)-MAG and 2-MAG were efficiently absorbed by enterocytes and hepatocytes at similar rates. The 2-MAG was quickly resynthesized into TAG through the monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC: 2.3.1.22, MGAT) pathway in both tissues, whereas 1(3)-MAG was processed into TAG and phospholipids at a much slower rate, suggesting 2-MAG was the preferred substrates for MGAT. Further analysis showed that 1(3)-MAG was synthesized into 1,3-DAG, but there were no accumulation of 1,3-DAG in either enterocytes or hepatocytes, which contrasts that of mammalian studies. Some of the 1(3)-MAG may be acylated to 1,2(2,3)-DAG and then utilized for TAG synthesis. Alternatively, 1(3)-MAG can be hydrolyzed to free fatty acid and glycerol, and re-synthesized into TAG through the glycerol-3-phosphate (Gro-3-P) pathway. The overall data suggested that the limiting step of the intracellular 1(3)-MAG metabolism is the conversion of 1(3)-MAG itself.

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Abbreviations

1(3)-MAG:

sn-1(3)-Monoacylglycerol

1,2(2,3)-DAG:

sn-1,2(2,3)-Diacylglycerol

1,3-DAG:

sn-1,3-Diacylglycerol

1-MAG:

sn-1-Monoacylglycerol

2-MAG:

sn-2-Monoacylglycerol

BSDL:

Bile salt-dependent lipase

DAG:

Diacylglycerol(s)

DGAT:

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase

FAF-BSA:

Fatty acid free bovine serum albumin

FFA:

Unesterified fatty acids

Gro-3-P:

Glycerol-3-phosphate

HBSS:

Hank’s balanced salt solution

HPTLC:

High performance thin layer chromatography

lysoPtdOH:

Lysophosphatidic acid

MAG:

Monoacylglycerol(s)

MEM:

Minimum essential medium

MGAT:

Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase

MGL:

Monoacylglycerol lipase

MS222:

Tricaine methanesulfonate

PtdCho:

Phosphatidylcholine

PtdEtn:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PtdIns:

Phosphatidylinositol

PtdOH:

Phosphatidic acid

PtdSer:

Phosphatidylserine

TAG:

Triacylglycerol(s)

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Norwegian Research Council (Grant No. 245327). The authors wish to thank the staff at NTNU Sealab for excellent technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Keshuai Li & Rolf Erik Olsen

  2. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway

    Rolf Erik Olsen

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  1. Keshuai Li
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  2. Rolf Erik Olsen
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Correspondence to Keshuai Li.

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Li, K., Olsen, R.E. Metabolism of sn-1(3)-Monoacylglycerol and sn-2-Monoacylglycerol in Caecal Enterocytes and Hepatocytes of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta). Lipids 52, 61–71 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-016-4215-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-016-4215-0

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