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N-Stearoylethanolamine Restores Pancreas Lipid Composition in Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistant Rats

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Lipids

Abstract

This study investigates the protective effect of N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE), a bioactive N-acylethanolamine , on the lipid profile distribution in the pancreas of obesity-induced insulin resistant (IR) rats fed with prolonged high fat diet (58 % of fat for 6 months). The phospholipid composition was determined using 2D thin-layer chromatography. The level of individual phospholipids was estimated by measuring inorganic phosphorus content. The fatty acid (FA) composition and cholesterol level were investigated by gas–liquid chromatography. Compared to controls, plasma levels of triglycerides and insulin were significantly increased in IR rats. The pancreas lipid composition indicated a significant reduction of the free cholesterol level and some phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) compared to controls. Moreover, the FA composition of pancreas showed a significant redistribution of the main FA (18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, 18:3n-6 and 20:4n-6) levels between phospholipid, free FA, triglyceride fractions under IR conditions that was accompanied by a change in the estimated activities of Δ9-, Δ6-, Δ5-desaturase. Administration of N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE, 50 mg/kg daily per os for 2 weeks) IR rats triggered an increase in the content of free cholesterol, PtdCho and normalization of PtdEtn, PtdSer level. Furthermore, the NSE modulated the activity of desaturases, thus influenced FA composition and restored the FA ratios in the lipid fractions. These NSE-induced changes were associated with a normalization of plasma triglyceride content, considerable decrease of insulin and index HOMA-IR level in rats under IR conditions.

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Abbreviations

CerPCho:

Sphingomyelin

DUFA:

Diunsaturated fatty acid

FA:

Fatty acid

HFD:

High fat diet

HOMA-IR:

Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index

IR:

Insulin resistance

LysoPtdCho:

Lysophosphatidylcholine

LysoPtdEtn:

Lysophosphatidylethanolamine

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acid

NAE:

N-Acylethanolamine

PL:

Phospholipid

PtdCho:

Phosphatidylcholine

PtdEtn:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PtdIns:

Phosphatidylinositol

PtdSer:

Phosphatidylserine

Ptd2Gro:

Diphosphatidylglycerol

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

NSE:

N-Stearoylethanolamine

SFA:

Saturated fatty acid

TAG:

Triacylglycerol

USFA:

Unsaturated fatty acid

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Acknowledgment

This study was supported by the grants from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (2.2.10 No 6).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry of Lipids, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine

    Oleksandra V. Onopchenko, Galina V. Kosiakova, Vitaliy M. Klimashevsky & Nadiya M. Gula

  2. Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

    Murat Oz

  3. Akademika Zabolotnogo Str. 148A, Kyiv, 03680, Ukraine

    Oleksandra V. Onopchenko

Authors
  1. Oleksandra V. Onopchenko
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  2. Galina V. Kosiakova
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  3. Murat Oz
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  4. Vitaliy M. Klimashevsky
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  5. Nadiya M. Gula
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Correspondence to Oleksandra V. Onopchenko.

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Onopchenko, O.V., Kosiakova, G.V., Oz, M. et al. N-Stearoylethanolamine Restores Pancreas Lipid Composition in Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistant Rats. Lipids 50, 13–21 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-014-3960-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-014-3960-1

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