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Fatty Acid-Specific Alterations in Leptin, PPARα, and CPT-1 Gene Expression in the Rainbow Trout

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

It is known that fatty acids (FA) regulate lipid metabolism by modulating the expression of numerous genes. In order to gain a better understanding of the effect of individual FA on lipid metabolism related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an in vitro time-course study was implemented where twelve individual FA (butyric 4:0; caprylic 8:0; palmitic (PAM) 16:0; stearic (STA) 18:0; palmitoleic16:1n-7; oleic 18:1n-9; 11-cis-eicosenoic 20:1n-9; linoleic (LNA) 18:2n-6; α-linolenic (ALA) 18:3n-3; eicosapentenoic (EPA) 20:5n-3; docosahexaenoic (DHA) 22:6n-3; arachidonic (ARA) 20:4n-6) were incubated in rainbow trout liver slices. The effect of FA administration over time was evaluated on the expression of leptin, PPARα and CPT-1 (lipid oxidative related genes). Leptin mRNA expression was down regulated by saturated fatty acids (SFA) and LNA, and was up regulated by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and long chain PUFA, whilst STA and ALA had no effect. PPARα and CPT-1mRNA expression were up regulated by SFA, MUFA, ALA, ARA and DHA; and down regulated by LNA and EPA. These results suggest that there are individual and specific FA induced modifications of leptin, PPARα and CPT-1 gene expression in rainbow trout, and it is envisaged that such results may provide highly valuable information for future practical applications in fish nutrition.

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Abbreviations

ALA:

α-Linolenic acid

ARA:

Arachidonic acid

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

CPT:

Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

EPA:

Eicosapentenoic acid

FA:

Fatty acids

LNA:

Linoleic acid

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acids

OLA:

Oleic acid

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

SFA:

Saturated fatty acids

STA:

Stearic acid

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by research funds (FRA) from the MIUR and University of Sannio. Elena Coccia was a recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from the University of Sannio.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sciences and Technologies, Via Port’Arsa, 11, 82100, Benevento, Italy

    Elena Coccia, Ettore Varricchio, Pasquale Vito & Marina Paolucci

  2. Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy

    Pasquale Vito

  3. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Warrnambool, VIC, Australia

    Giovanni Mario Turchini

  4. Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No 3, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia

    David Scott Francis

  5. ISA–CNR, Via Roma, 52, 83100, Avellino, Italy

    Marina Paolucci

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  1. Elena Coccia
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  2. Ettore Varricchio
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  3. Pasquale Vito
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  4. Giovanni Mario Turchini
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  5. David Scott Francis
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  6. Marina Paolucci
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Correspondence to Marina Paolucci.

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Coccia, E., Varricchio, E., Vito, P. et al. Fatty Acid-Specific Alterations in Leptin, PPARα, and CPT-1 Gene Expression in the Rainbow Trout. Lipids 49, 1033–1046 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-014-3939-y

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