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Multiple, concentration-dependent effects of sucrose, auxins and cytokinins in explant cultures of kale and tobacco

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Abstract

We describe complex multiple concentration dependencies for the response of isolated pith tissues to plant biologically active substances. Kale and tobacco stem pith explants were cultured on agar media containing combinations of sucrose, cytokinin [kinetin or benzyladenine (BA)] and auxin [indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)]. Absorption of these components by explants and their effects on explant mass, contents of soluble proteins, starch and sugars, and activity of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) were studied in relation to their concentration. Up to ten pronounced statistically significant maxima (peaks or waves) were repeatedly detected in the dose–response curves over a concentration range of several logarithmic orders. Slight maxima were observed in the corresponding absorption curves. Pronounced maxima of sucrose absorption were induced by IAA and BA, and those of NAA absorption were induced by sucrose. Both types of multiple maxima (in dose–response and absorption curves) may be due to changes in concentration of intracellular solutes (sugars, auxins and cytokinins), thereby affecting metabolic processes that act as sinks for external solutes and elicit feedback appearance of maxima in absorption curves. Good correspondence between external concentrations at which maxima of different compared curves occur in addition to statistical significance of individual maxima and repeatability of experimental results supports the conclusion that the multiple maxima exhibited are genuine. We consider it possibile that the multiple maxima are associated with endopolyploidy or mixoploidy and/or epigenomic diversity of pith cells that show different sensitivities to biologically active solutes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Prof. Per Nissen for encouragement and support, Mrs Anna Bastrová and Ing. Lenka Preclíková for technical assistance and Dr. Petr Cápal for informations concerning genomic diversification in cell cultures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 16502, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Jiří Luštinec, Miroslav Kamínek & Viktor Žárský

  2. Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 12844, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Fatima Cvrčková & Viktor Žárský

  3. Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Šlechtitelů 31, Holice, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Jana Čížková & Jaroslav Doležel

Authors
  1. Jiří Luštinec
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  2. Fatima Cvrčková
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  3. Jana Čížková
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  4. Jaroslav Doležel
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  5. Miroslav Kamínek
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  6. Viktor Žárský
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Correspondence to Jiří Luštinec.

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Communicated by B. Borkowska.

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Luštinec, J., Cvrčková, F., Čížková, J. et al. Multiple, concentration-dependent effects of sucrose, auxins and cytokinins in explant cultures of kale and tobacco. Acta Physiol Plant 36, 1981–1991 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1573-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1573-1

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