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Extraction equilibrium of chromium(III) from sulphate medium by Cyanex 272 dissolved in kerosene

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Abstract

The solvent extraction of Cr(III) from SO42− medium by Cyanex 272 (bis 2,4,4-trimethyl pentyl phosphinic acid) dissolved in kerosene has been studied as a function of equilibration time, pH, [Cr(III)], [Cyanex 272], [SO42−] and temperature. Over 55% extraction occurs with the favourable parameters used. Experimental study of the pH variation shows that the hydrolysis of the extractant to a certain extent occurs during the phase contact period. One dimeric molecule of Cyanex 272 is required for each Cr(III) to form the extractable species. The co-existing anion (sulphate ion) suggests the formation of Cr(H2O)3SO4OH or Cr2(H2O)4(OH)2(SO4)2 in the aqueous phase. The positive ΔH value (~ 12.73 kJ/mol) indicates that the system under investigation is endothermic. The measured loading capacity is 4.40 g Cr(III)/100 g of Cyanex 272. The stripping is difficult, and after two stages, only 8.13% of Cr(III) is stripped by 3 mol/L H2SO4. Selectivity of Fe(III)/Cr(III) separation by Cyanex 272 is high.

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Abbreviations

D:

Extraction or distribution ratio of Cr(III) partitioned = [Cr(III)](o,eq)/[Cr(III)](aq,eq)

Cyanex 272:

BTMPPA, bis-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid

HR:

Monomeric BTMPPA

H2R2 :

Dimeric BTMPPA

R:

Universal gas constant, 8.314 J/K mol

Cr(III) or Cr3 + :

Chromium(III)

D2EHPA:

Bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid

ΔH:

Apparent enthalpy changes for extraction reaction, kJ/mol

Kex :

The equilibrium constant from the equilibrium study

O:

Organic phase value

A:

Aqueous phase value

Suffix “eq”:

Equilibrium

Suffix “o”:

Organic phase

Suffix “A”, “aq” or without suffix:

Aqueous phase

Suffix “ini”:

Initial

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Cytec Canada Inc. for supplying Cyanex 272 as a gift.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh

    Aneek Krishna Karmakar, Ranjit Kumar Biswas & Most. Naima Khatun

  2. Department of Chemistry, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh

    Ranjit Kumar Biswas

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  1. Aneek Krishna Karmakar
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  2. Ranjit Kumar Biswas
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Correspondence to Aneek Krishna Karmakar.

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Karmakar, A.K., Biswas, R.K. & Khatun, M.N. Extraction equilibrium of chromium(III) from sulphate medium by Cyanex 272 dissolved in kerosene. Chem. Pap. 75, 3739–3749 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01575-1

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