Abstract
A novel voltammetric sensor was developed for the determination of tobramycin by combining the excellent electronic conductivity of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and the signal amplification properties of graphene oxide (GO). Compared with glassy carbon (GC), rGO-modified GC, and GO-modified GC electrodes, rGO/GO hybrid-modified GC electrode exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity toward the tobramycin electro-oxidation, with a more well-defined peak shape. The electro-oxidation peak current was found to be proportional to the tobramycin concentration in two ranges of 7.0–50.0 and 50.0–900.0 μM, with a detection limit of 2.0 μM. To control and reduce dose-dependent toxicity of aminoglycoside drugs, an accurate determination of their concentration in blood is important. While some methods have been reported so far for determination of tobramycin, as an aminoglycoside-type drug, it is vital to develop simple, sensitive, inexpensive, and fast methods for its assay in human blood samples to control its dose-dependent toxic side effects. Therefore, the above developed method was applied in the analysis of tobramycin in spiked human blood serum samples. The recovery results were satisfactory.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Albert A (2012) The determination of ionization constants: a laboratory manual. Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5548-6
Ambrosi A, Bonanni A, Sofer Z, Cross JS, Pumera M (2011) Electrochemistry at chemically modified graphenes Chemistry-A. Eur J 17:10763–10770. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201101117
Bard AJ, Faulkner LR (2001) Fundamentals and applications. Electrochem Methods 2:482
Confino M, Bontchev P (1990) Spectrophotometric determination of amikacin, kanamycin, neomycin and tobramycin. Microchim Acta 102:305–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01244771
Dang VT, Nguyen DD, Cao TT, Le PH, Phan NM (2016) Recent trends in preparation and application of carbon nanotube–graphene hybrid thin films. Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol 7:033002. https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/7/3/033002
Göde C, Yola ML, Yılmaz A, Atar N, Wang S (2017) A novel electrochemical sensor based on calixarene functionalized reduced graphene oxide: application to simultaneous determination of Fe(III), Cd (II) and Pb(II) ions. J Colloid Interface Sci 508:525–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.086
Gupta VK, Ganjali M, Norouzi P, Khani H, Nayak A, Agarwal S (2011a) Electrochemical analysis of some toxic metals by ion-selective electrodes. Crit Rev Anal Chem 41:282–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2011.589773
Gupta VK, Jain R, Radhapyari K, Jadon N, Agarwal S (2011b) Voltammetric techniques for the assay of pharmaceuticals—a review. Anal Biochem 408:179–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2010.09.027
Gupta VK, Nayak A, Agarwal S, Singhal B (2011c) Recent advances on potentiometric membrane sensors for pharmaceutical analysis. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 14:284–302. https://doi.org/10.2174/138620711795222437
Gupta VK, Yola ML, Özaltın N, Atar N, Üstündağ Z, Uzun L (2013) Molecular imprinted polypyrrole modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of tobramycin. Electrochim Acta 112:37–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.08.132
Gupta VK, Karimi-Maleh H, Sadegh R (2015) Simultaneous determination of hydroxylamine, phenol and sulfite in water and waste water samples using a voltammetric nanosensor. Int J Electrochem Sci 10:303–316
Hanko VP, Rohrer JS (2006) Determination of tobramycin and impurities using high-performance anion exchange chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 40:1006–1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2005.08.009
Johnson DW, Dobson BP, Coleman KS (2015) A manufacturing perspective on graphene dispersions. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 20:367–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2015.11.004
Kaale E, Van Schepdael A, Roets E, Hoogmartens J (2002) Development and validation of capillary electrophoresis method for tobramycin with precapillary derivatization and UV detection. Electrophoresis 23:1695–1701. https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2683(200206)23:11%3c1695:AID-ELPS1695%3e3.0.CO;2-6
Kabra PM, Bhatnagar PK, Nelson MA, Wall JH, Marton LJ (1983) Liquid-chromatographic determination of tobramycin in serum with spectrophotometric detection. Clin Chem 29:672–674
Karimi-Maleh H, Tahernejad-Javazmi F, Atar N, Yola MLT, Gupta VK, Ensafi AA (2015) A novel DNA biosensor based on a pencil graphite electrode modified with polypyrrole/functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes for determination of 6-mercaptopurine anticancer drug. Ind Eng Chem Res 54:3634–3639. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie504438z
Konios D, Stylianakis MM, Stratakis E, Kymakis E (2014) Dispersion behaviour of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. J Colloid Interface Sci 430:108–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2014.05.033
Lutfi Yola M, Atar N (2017) A review: molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors for determination of biomolecules/drug. Curr Anal Chem 13:13–17
Ma Q, Wang Y, Jia J, Xiang Y (2018) Colorimetric aptasensors for determination of tobramycin in milk and chicken eggs based on DNA and gold nanoparticles. Food Chem 249:98–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.022
Mani V, Chen S-M, Lou B-S (2013) Three dimensional graphene oxide-carbon nanotubes and graphene-carbon nanotubes hybrids. Int J Electrochem Sci 8:11641–11660
McCreery RL (1991) Carbon electrodes: structural effects on electron transfer kinetics. Electroanal Chem 17:221–374
McCreery RL (2008) Advanced carbon electrode materials for molecular electrochemistry. Chem Rev 108:2646–2687. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr068076m
Merkoçi A, Pumera M, Llopis X, Pérez B, del Valle M, Alegret S (2005) New materials for electrochemical sensing VI: carbon nanotubes. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 24:826–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2005.03.019
Miller JC, Miller JN (1988) Statistics for analytical chemistry. Wiley, New York
Onac C, Kaya A, Yola ML, Alpoguz HK (2017) Determination of tobramycin by square wave voltammetry from milk sample through the modified polymer inclusion membrane with reduced graphene oxide. ECS J Solid State Sci Technol 6:M152–M155. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0411712jss
Pumera M (2011) Graphene in biosensing. Mater Today 14:308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(11)70160-2
Qureshi A, Kang WP, Davidson JL, Gurbuz Y (2009) Review on carbon-derived, solid-state, micro and nano sensors for electrochemical sensing applications. Diam Relat Mater 18:1401–1420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2009.09.008
Remington JP, Osol A, Anderson JT, Hoover JE (1975) Remington’s pharmaceutical sciences. Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA
Ruckmani K, Shaikh SZ, Khalil P, Muneera M (2011) A simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determining tobramycin in pharmaceutical formulations by direct UV detection. Pharm Methods 2:117. https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-4708.84455
Rutledge J, Emamian S, Rudy J (1987) Speeding assay of therapeutic drugs with the” Cobas-Bio-FP”. Clin Chem 33:1256–1257
Shantier SW, Gadkariem EA, Ibrahim KAE (2011) A colorimetric method for the determination of tobramycin. Int J Drug Formul Res 2:260–272
Sun N, Mo W-M, Shen Z-L, Hu B-X (2005) Adsorptive stripping voltammetric technique for the rapid determination of tobramycin on the hanging mercury electrode. J Pharm Biomed Anal 38:256–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2005.01.002
Tekkeli SEK, Önal A, Sağırlı AO (2014) Spectrofluorimetric determination of tobramycin in human serum and pharmaceutical preparations by derivatization with fluorescamine. Luminescence 29:87–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/bio.2507
Uslu B, Ozkan SA (2007) Electroanalytical application of carbon based electrodes to the pharmaceuticals. Anal Lett 40:817–853. https://doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2011.553010
Wallace GG, Chen J, Li D, Moulton SE, Razal JM (2010) Nanostructured carbon electrodes. J Mater Chem 20:3553–3562. https://doi.org/10.1039/B918672G
Wang R, Fan S, Wang R, Wang R, Dou H, Wang L (2013) Determination of aminoglycoside antibiotics by a colorimetric method based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles. NANO 8:1350037. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793292013500379
Weinstein MJ, Wagman GH (2011) Antibiotics: isolation, separation and purification, vol 15. Elsevier, Oxford
Yola ML, Atar N (2018) Phenylethanolamine A (PEA) imprinted polymer on carbon nitride nanotubes/graphene quantum dots/core-shell nanoparticle composite for electrochemical PEA detection in urine sample. J Electrochem Soc 165:H1–H9. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0651802jes
Yola ML, Gupta VK, Eren T, Şen AE, Atar N (2014a) A novel electro analytical nanosensor based on graphene oxide/silver nanoparticles for simultaneous determination of quercetin and morin. Electrochim Acta 120:204–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.12.086
Yola ML, Uzun L, Özaltın N, Denizli A (2014b) Development of molecular imprinted nanosensor for determination of tobramycin in pharmaceuticals and foods. Talanta 120:318–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2013.10.064
Yola ML, Eren T, Atar N (2015) A sensitive molecular imprinted electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles decorated graphene oxide: application to selective determination of tyrosine in milk. Sens Actuators B Chem 210:149–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.12.098
Zhu L, Wang J (2013) Fast determination of tobramycin by reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography with a refractive index detector. Front Chem Sci Eng 7:322–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-013-1348-z
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hadi, M., Mollaei, T. Reduced graphene oxide/graphene oxide hybrid-modified electrode for electrochemical sensing of tobramycin. Chem. Pap. 73, 291–299 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-018-0578-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-018-0578-4