Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Outcomes of Long Pouch Gastric Bypass (LPGB): 4-Year Experience in Primary and Revision Cases

  • Original Contributions
  • Published:
Obesity Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

A Correction to this article was published on 25 October 2019

A Correction to this article was published on 17 July 2019

This article has been updated

Abstract

Background

One of the most important complications of the one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is enterobilio acid reflux (EBAR). We report the concept of the long pouch Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LPRYGB) meaning a Roux-en-Y with a long pouch and a 100-cm alimentary limb to avoid EBAR, with a long biliopancreatic limb to increase metabolic effects.

Methods

A total of 300 LPRYGB cases in a 4-year period, with a 90% follow-up rate, were analysed. Anthropometric, technical feasibility, morbidity, weight loss and comorbidity outcomes were analysed.

Results

The percentage total weight loss (%TWL) was 30.5% at 4 years of follow-up (32.3% in primary and 28.3% in revisions). Six intra-operative (2%) and 28 postoperative complications (9.3%) were seen. Out of this 28 complications, 11 (3.6%) were late complications. Reoperations were performed in 15 patients (5.0%). Clinically relevant EBAR was present in 3 cases only (1%) 4 years after the operation.

Conclusions

The LPRYGB combines the main advantages of the OAGB (light restriction and moderate malabsorption) with the anti-reflux effect from the Roux-en-Y diversion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

  • 17 July 2019

    References 37–44 are not cited in the article and should be deleted.

  • 25 October 2019

    João Pereira, Leonor Manaças, and Nuno Borges, listed as coauthors in the original article, acknowledge that they did not participate as authors of the work and should be deleted from the author list.

References

  1. Christou NV, Look D, Maclean LD. Weight gain after short- and long-limb gastric bypass in patients followed for longer than 10 years. Ann Surg. 2006;244(5):734–40.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Mason EE, Ito C. Gastric bypass in obesity. Surg Clin North Am. 1967;47(6):1345–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Adams TD et al. Weight and metabolic outcomes 12 Years after gastric bypass. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:12.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Sjostrom L, Peltonen M, Jacobson P, et al. Association of bariatric surgery with long-term remission of type 2 diabetes and with microvascular and macrovascular complications. Jama. 2014;311(22):2297–304.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Raverdy V, Baud G, Pigeyre M, et al. Incidence and predictive factors of postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a five year longitudinal study. Ann Surg. 2016;264(5):878–85.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Musella M, Milone M, Deitel M, et al. What a mini/one anastomosis gastric bypass (MGB/OAGB) is. Obes Surg. 2016;26(6):1322–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Ruiz-Tovar J, Carbajo MA, Jimenez JM, et al. Long-term follow-up after sleeve gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus one-anastomosis gastric bypass: a prospective randomized comparative study of weight loss and remission of comorbidities. Surg Endosc. 2018; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-6307-9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Mahawar KK, Carr WR, Balupuri S, et al. Controversy surrounding ‘mini’ gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2014;24(2):324–33.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Carbajo MA, Luque-de-Leon E, Jimenez JM, et al. Laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass: technique, results, and long-term follow-up in 1200 patients. Obes Surg. 2017;27(5):1153–67.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Johnson WH, Fernanadez AZ, Farrell TM, et al. Surgical revision of loop (“mini”) gastric bypass procedure: multicenter review of complications and conversions to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2007;3(1):37–41.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Musella M, Susa A, Greco F, et al. The laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass: the Italian experience: outcomes from 974 consecutive cases in a multicenter review. Surg Endosc. 2014;28(1):156–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Musella M, Susa A, Manno E, et al. Complications Following the mini/one anastomosis gastric bypass (MGB/OAGB): a multi-institutional survey on 2678 patients with a mid-term (5 years) follow-up. Obes Surg. 2017;27(11):2956–67.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Noun R, Skaff J, Riachi E, et al. One thousand consecutive mini-gastric bypass: short- and long-term outcome. Obes Surg. 2012;22(5):697–703.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Boas práticas na abordagem do doente com obesidade elegível para cirurgia bariátrica. https://www.dgs.pt/directrizes-da-dgs/orientacoes-e-circulares-informativas/orientacao-n-0282012-de-31122012.aspx

  15. Gestão Integrada da Obesidade - Abordagem da pessoa com Obesidade com eventual indicação cirúrgica; norma No: 21/DSCS/DGID; https://www.dgs.pt/directrizes-da-dgs/normas-e-circulares-normativas.aspx?cachecontrol=1549642957831

  16. Kremen AJ, Linner JH, Nelson CH. An experimental evaluation of the nutritional importance of proximal and distal small intestine. Ann Surg. 1954;140(3):439–48.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Ramos AC, Silva AC, Ramos MG, et al. Simplified gastric bypass: 13 years of experience and 12,000 patients operated. Arq Bras Cir Dig. 2014;27(Suppl 1):2–8.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Rebecchi F, Allaix ME, Ugliono E, et al. Increased esophageal exposure to weakly acidic reflux 5 years after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Ann Surg. 2016;264(5):871–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Bjorklund P, Lonroth H, Fandriks L. Manometry of the upper gut following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass indicates that the gastric pouch and Roux limb act as a common cavity. Obes Surg. 2015;25(10):1833–41.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Lee WJ, Ser KH, Lee YC, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y vs. mini-gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity: a 10-year experience. Obes Surg. 2012;22(12):1827–34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Lee WJ, Yu PJ, Wang W, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y versus mini-gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Ann Surg. 2005;242(1):20–8.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Bruzzi M, Rau C, Voron T, et al. Single anastomosis or mini-gastric bypass: long-term results and quality of life after a 5-year follow-up. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015;11(2):321–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Madura JA. Primary bile reflux gastritis: diagnosis and surgical treatment. Am J Surg. 2003;186:269–73.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Parmar C, Mahawar K. Mini gastric bypass: first report of 125 consecutive cases from United Kingdom. Clin Obes. 2016;6(1):61–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. M. Deitel (ed.), Essentials of mini – One anastomosis gastric bypass, Chapter 30, pag 327. Springer International Publishing AG . https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76177-0

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kivilaakso E, Fromm D, Silen W. Effect of bile salts and related compounds on isolated esophageal mucosa. Surgery. 1980;87(3):280–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Goldner FH et al. Relationship of bile in the stomach to gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc. 22(4):197–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Guirat A, Addossari H. One anastomosis gastric bypass and risk of cancer. Obes Surg. 2018;28:1441–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Parmar C, Abdelhalim MA, Mahawar KK, et al. Management of super-super obese patients: comparison between one anastomosis (mini) gastric bypass and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2016;

  30. Parmar C, Mahawar K. One anastomosis (Mini) gastric bypass is now an established bariatric procedure: a systematic review of 12,807 patients. Obes Surg. 2018; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-018-3382-x.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Nora M, Morais T, Almeida R, et al. Should Roux-en-Y gastric bypass biliopancreatic limb length be tailored to achieve improved diabetes outcomes? Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(48)

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Yan W, Sun ZP, Lian DB, et al. Long-limb length difference had no effect on outcomes of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for obese Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A CONSORT compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(22):e10927.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Feng JJ, Gagner M, Pomp A, et al. Effect of standard vs extended Roux limb length on weight loss outcomes after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2003;17(7):1055–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Murad Jr AJ, Cohen RV, de Godoy EP, et al. A prospective single-arm trial of modified long biliopancreatic and short alimentary limbs Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in type 2 diabetes patients with mild obesity. Obes Surg. 2018;28(3):599–605.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Di J, Zhang H, Yu H, et al. Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the remission of type 2 diabetes: a 3-year study in Chinese patients with a BMI >30. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016;12(7):1357–63.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Shin RD, Goldberg MB, Shafran AS, et al. Revision of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with limb distalization for inadequate weight loss or weight regain. Obes Surg. 2018; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-018-03635-0.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Bachir GS, Collis JL. Effect of perfusion of bile salts solutions into the oesophagus of hiatal hernia patients and controls. Thorax. 1976;31(3):271–7.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Swartz DE, Mobley E, Felix EL. Bile reflux after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: an unrecognized cause of postoperative pain. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2009;5(1):27–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Cassao BD, Herbella FA, Silva LC, et al. Esophageal motility after gastric bypass in Roux-en-Y for morbid obesity: high resolution manometry findings. Arquivos brasileiros de cirurgia digestiva. Arq Bras Cir Dig. 2013;26(Suppl 1):22–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Chen RH, Lautz D, Gilbert RJ, et al. Antireflux operation for gastroesophageal reflux after Roux-en-y gastric bypass for obesity. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;80(5):1938–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Mattar SG, Qureshi F, Taylor D, et al. Treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease with radiofrequency energy (Stretta) in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2006;20(6):850–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Triadafilopoulos G. Stretta: a valuable endoscopic treatment modality for gastroesophageal reflux disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(24):7730–8.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Hawasli A, Tarakji M, Tarboush M. Laparoscopic management of severe reflux after sleeve gastrectomy using the LINX((R)) system: technique and one year follow up case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2017;30:148–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Mahawar KK. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease after one anastomosis (mini) gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2016;26(7):1592–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sjaak Pouwels.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval Statement

An institutional review board approved this study.

Informed Consent Statement

Does not apply.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ribeiro, R., Pouwels, S., Parmar, C. et al. Outcomes of Long Pouch Gastric Bypass (LPGB): 4-Year Experience in Primary and Revision Cases. OBES SURG 29, 3665–3671 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-04051-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-04051-8

Keywords

Navigation