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Optimization and validation of folate extraction from Moringa oleifera leaves powder

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Abstract

Moringa oleifera leaves are potentially benign sources of natural folates, thus a reliable folate extraction protocol is necessary, which directly affects the accuracy of subsequent determination of total folates or various folate derivatives. With this aim, process variables including antioxidants, extraction buffer pH, Moringa oleifera leaves powder (MOLP)/extraction buffer ratio, heating extraction time, amounts of α-amylase, protease and rat serum, and also incubation time of rat serum were investigated and optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). It is interesting that no positive influence of α-amylase or protease solution was observed in this study, consequently a single-enzyme treatment was used. An average folate level of 1190.06 µg/100 g dry matter was achieved by microbial assay under the optimized conditions of extraction buffer pH 7.0, MOLP/extraction buffer ratio 1:24 (g/mL), rat serum 350 µL, digest time 2.0 h, in good agreement with the value predicted by quadratic model. In addition, the validity of protocol established in this study was confirmed. The intra-day precision (relative standard deviation) varied between 1.42% with 1.84%, inter-day precision varied in the range of 1.34–2.25%. The average recoveries were in the range of 101.56–103.27%. Besides, the matrix effects ranged from 101.41 to 103.34%. The protocol could provide a reference to fairly evaluate folates in Moringa oleifera leaves from diverse sources, and even in other leafy plants. Meanwhile, Moringa oleifera leaves with high folate level seem to have tremendous potential to increase nutritional value of foods as well as to enhance regional economies.

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Acknowledgements

Sincere thanks to the financial support by the Yunnan University Key Laboratory of Food Microbial Resources and Utilization (Yunjiaofa [2018] No. 135), the Cassava Industrial Technology System of China (CARS-11-YNSJ) and the Major Project of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province (2018ZI001 and 202002AA100005). The authors also would like to acknowledge all the reviewers for their precious comments and suggestions to enhance the quality of the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the Yunnan University Key Laboratory of Food Microbial Resources and Utilization (Yunjiaofa [2018] No. 135), the Cassava Industrial Technology System of China (CARS-11-YNSJ) and the Major Project of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province (2018ZI001 and 202002AA100005).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650000, China

    Huan Du, Yang Tian & Yongjin Hu

  2. Division of Science and Technology, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, 653100, China

    Huan Du & Tao Li

  3. Editorial Department of Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650000, China

    Qiaoli Xue

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  1. Huan Du
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Contributions

Conceptualization: HD, YH; Methodology and experiments: HD, TL; Data analysis: HD, QX; Writing—original draft preparation: HD; Writing—review and editing: YH, YT; Supervision: YH, YT. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yongjin Hu.

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Du, H., Li, T., Xue, Q. et al. Optimization and validation of folate extraction from Moringa oleifera leaves powder. Food Measure 17, 3423–3434 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-023-01876-x

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