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Characterization of protein and fat composition of seeds from common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) from Mozambique

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Abstract

FAO formally declared 2016 as the “International Year of Pulses” to raise awareness about these important crops, which are essential for sustainable agriculture and nutrition. Meanwhile, local pulse varieties are mainly confined to biorepositories and scarcely characterized concerning their nutritional composition, although it can differ due to the genetic variability. This work describes the characterization of 26 accessions of pulse seeds from the germplasm bank of Mozambique, including 15 common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), 9 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and 2 bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc). Inter-accession variation on protein and fat composition was observed within each pulse species. Though it is widely recognized that pulses amino acids composition is not balanced for human nutrition, results revealed that three accessions of common beans and one accession of cowpea presented chemical scores near to the internationally accepted pattern for amino acids. Common beans presented the lowest fat content and the lowest ratios of SFA/(MUFA + PUFA) and linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid, when compared with cowpea and particularly with bambara groundnut, with a distinct fatty acid PUFA pattern. Concerning tocopherols and tocotrienols profile (α, β, γ, δ), cowpea accessions were richer than others, especially δ-tocopherol. This characterization of local pulse resources from Mozambique may contribute to the valorization of accessions with the most interesting nutritional profile.

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Acknowledgments

This work received financial support from Project UID/QUI/50006/2013 - POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007265 with financial support from FCT/MEC through national funds and co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal

    Armando Baptista & Olívia Pinho

  2. Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, LAQV-REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-033, Porto, Portugal

    Olívia Pinho, Edgar Pinto, Susana Casal & Isabel M. P. L. V. O. Ferreira

  3. Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Doctor Ricardo Jorge, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal

    Carla Mota

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  1. Armando Baptista
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  2. Olívia Pinho
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  3. Edgar Pinto
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  4. Susana Casal
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  5. Carla Mota
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  6. Isabel M. P. L. V. O. Ferreira
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Correspondence to Olívia Pinho.

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Baptista, A., Pinho, O., Pinto, E. et al. Characterization of protein and fat composition of seeds from common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) from Mozambique. Food Measure 11, 442–450 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-016-9412-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-016-9412-2

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