Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Indigenous parasitoids as effective natural enemies of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Korea

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Forestry Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study is aimed to investigate the occurrence of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (citrus leafminer; CLM), which has recently caused increasing damage to citrus farms in southern South Korea, and its natural enemies, which can act as biological control agents. In the present study, CLM monitoring using sex pheromone traps were conducted in the major citrus farms in the Jeju region in South Korea. Also a survey of parasites was carried out to detect the effective control agent for CLM. During the investigation from 2011 to 2015, a relatively large number of adult CLM (2,386,990) were observed in the sex pheromone traps. The mean annual occurrence of CLM was 477,398, which showed an increasing trend with the increase in temperature. A survey of parasites was conducted in November 2015. Six parasites were found, of which, Quadrastichus sp. and Sympiesis sp. showed the highest rates of parasitism. The mean rate of parasitism during the survey period was 3.97 %. We discovered four new species of parasites of CLM in South Korea.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ando T, Taguchi KY, Uchiyama M, Ujiye T, Kuroko H (1985) (7Z-11Z)-7,11-hexadecadienal: sex attractant of the citrus leafminer moth, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera, Phyllocnistidae). Agric Biol Chem Tokyo 49:3633–3653

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Batra RC, Sandhu GS (1981) Differential population of citrus leafminer and its parasites on some commercial citrus cultivas. J Res Punjab Agric Univ 18:170–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Bermúdez EC, Martínez NB, Graziano JV, Bernal HCA, Paniagua AH (2004) Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and its parasitoids in citrus in Ecuador. Flor Entomol 87:10–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen RT, Chen YH, Huang MD (1989) Biology of green lacewing, Chrysopa boninenis and its predation efficiency on citrus leafminer. In: Huang MD (ed) Collection on integrated management of citrus pests. Academic Press, Guangzhu, pp 96–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau International (CABI) (1995) Distribution maps of pests. Series A: Map no. 274 (2nd revision)

  • Diez PA, Pena JE, Idalgo PF (2006) Population dynamics of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and its parasitoids in Tafi Viejo, Tucuman, Argentina. Flor Entomol 89:327–335

    Google Scholar 

  • Elekçİoğlu NZ, Uygun N (2006) The parasitoid complex of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey and their role in biological control. Turk J Zool 30(2):155–160

    Google Scholar 

  • González L, Bernabé P, Castaño M (1996) Enemigos naturales de Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Phyllocnistinae) en la provincia de Huelva. Distribución geográfica, evolución estacional y tasas de parasitismo. Bol San Veg Pla 22:741–760

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottwald TR, Sun X, Riley T, Graham JH, Ferrandino F, Taylor EL (2002) Geo-referenced spatiotemporal analysis of the urban citrus canker epidemic in Florida. Phytopathology 92:361–372

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heppner JB (1993) Citrus leafminer. Univ Flor Ext Circ 359:3

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoy MA, Nguyen R (1997) Classical biological control of the citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): theory, practice, art and science. Trop Lepid 8:1–19

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishii T (1953) A report of the studies of the parasite wasps of injurious insects. Bull Fac Agric Tokyo Univ Agric Tech 1:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim DS, Choi CW, Lee S, Byun BK (2015) Taxonomic notes on Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) with genital structures and DNA barcode from Korea. J Asia Pac Biodivers 8(2015):295–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korean Meteorological Administration (2016) Korean weather. http://www.kma.go.kr. Accessed 25 Dec 2015

  • Lacasa A, Martínez A, Oncina M, Sánchez JA (1997) Enemigos naturales de Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) y su incidencia en los cítricos de Murcia. In: Libro de Resúmenes de las VI Jornadas Científicas de la SEEA. Sociedad Española de Entomología Aplicada

  • Lapointe SL, Leal WS (2007) Describing seasonal phenology of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella, (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) with pheromone lures: controlling for lure degradation. Flor Entomol 90:710–714

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee S, Kim IK, Park YK, Choi CW, Byun BK (2015) Preliminary survey of indigenous parasites associated with Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in Jeju. Korea. J Asia Pac Biodivers 8(2015):371–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Legaspi JC, French JV (1996) The citrus leafminer and its natural enemies. Circular, Citrus Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville B96–1:4

  • Legaspi JC, French JV, Schauff ME, Woolley JB (1999) The citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in south Texas: incidence and parasitism. Flor Entomol 82:305–516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Legaspi JC, French JV, Zuniga AG, Legaspi BC (2001) Population dynamics of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), and its natural enemies in Texas and Mexico. Biol Control 21(2001):84–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leite RP Jr, Mohan SK (1990) Integrated management of the citrus bacterial canker disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri in the State of Paraná, Brazil. Crop Prot 9:3–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pena JE (1998) Population dynamics of citrus leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) as measured by interception traps of egg and larva sampling in lime. J Entomol Sci 33:90–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Pena JE, Duncan R, Browning H (1996) Seasonal abundance of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and its parasitoids in south Florida citrus. Environ Entomol 25:698–702

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schauff ME, Lasalle J, Wigesekara GA (1998) The genera of chalcid parasites (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). J Nat Hist 32:1001–1056

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song JH, Kang SH (2006) Responses of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) for a sex pheromone component, (Z, Z)-7,11-hexadecadienal on Jeju island. Korean J Appl Entomol 45(2):161–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Stainton HT (1856) Descriptions of three species of Indian micro-Lepidoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, London, pp 301–304

    Google Scholar 

  • Stelinski LL, Lapointe SL, Meyer WL (2010) Season-long mating disruption of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, with an emulsified wax formulation of pheromone. J Appl Entomol 134(6):512–520

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urbaneja A, Jacas JA, Verdú M, Garrido A (1998) Dinámica e impacto de los parasitoides autóctonos de Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton en la Comunidad Valenciana. Invest Agric Prod Prot Veg 13:787–796

    Google Scholar 

  • Urbaneja A, Llácer E, Tomás Ó, Garrido A, Jacas JA (2000) Indigenous natural enemies associated with Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Eastern Spain. Biol Control 18(2000):199–207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vercher R, Castrillón D, Costa J, Marzal C, Garcıá F (1998) Parasitoides autóctonos del minador de las hojas de los cítricos, Phyllocnistis citrella en las comarcas centrales valencianas. Lev Agric 333:305–312

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiao Y, Fadamiro HY (2010) Exclusion experiments reveal relative contributions of natural enemies to mortality of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Alabama satsuma orchards. Biol Control 54(2010):189–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yumruktepe R, Aytas M, Erkılıç L, Yiğit A, Canhilal R, Uygun N, Karaca İ, Elekçioğlu NZ, Kersting U (1996) Chemical control of the citrus leafminer and side-effects of effective pesticides on natural enemies in Turkey. In: Hoy MA (ed), Proceedings from an International Conference on Managing the Citrus leafminer. University of Florida, Gainesville, p 10

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was funded by the project “Identification of Parasitoids of the Citrus Leafminer and Development of Their Indoor Breeding Technology” (Project No: PJ010253012015), of the Rural Development Administration in Korea. We thank Dr. Y. K. Park of the Korean Beneficial Insect Lab for his valuable advice on CLM rearing methods. We are also grateful to Mr. S. J. Roh, T. H. Yoo, S. Y. Yeon, and Miss. H. K. Yoon, Hannam University, for their assistance in conducting the survey and research.

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea

      Sanghyeob Lee & Chung-Won Choi

    2. Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea

      Da-Som Kim & Bong-Kyu Byun

    3. Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, 11186, Republic of Korea

      Il-Kwon Kim

    4. Citrus Research Institute, Seogwipo, Jeju, 63607, Republic of Korea

      Rokyeon Hwang

    5. The Science Museum of Natural Enemies, Geochang, 50147, Republic of Korea

      Deok-Seo Ku

    Authors
    1. Sanghyeob Lee
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. Da-Som Kim
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. Il-Kwon Kim
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    4. Chung-Won Choi
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    5. Rokyeon Hwang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    6. Deok-Seo Ku
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    7. Bong-Kyu Byun
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Bong-Kyu Byun.

    Additional information

    Da-Som Kim has contributed to this research.

    Project funding: This study was funded by the project “Identification of Parasitoids of the Citrus Leafminer and Development of Their Indoor Breeding Technology” (Project No: PJ010253012015), of the Rural Development Administration in Korea.

    The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com.

    Corresponding editor: Chai Ruihai.

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    About this article

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Lee, S., Kim, DS., Kim, IK. et al. Indigenous parasitoids as effective natural enemies of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Korea. J. For. Res. 28, 183–187 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-016-0304-4

    Download citation

    • Received:

    • Accepted:

    • Published:

    • Issue Date:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-016-0304-4

    Keywords

    Search

    Navigation