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High Entropy Oxides as Promising Materials for Thermal Barrier Topcoats: A Review

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Abstract

Multi-layered thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are deposited on gas turbine metallic components to protect them against high temperatures, oxidation, and corrosion. However, TBCs have limited working temperatures and lifetimes due to their material properties. Several approaches are tested to increase TBC topcoats' phase stability and properties. Increasing entropy to stabilize phases is a concept introduced in 2004 and required decreasing the Gibbs free energy. Many high entropy ceramics are developed for structural and functional applications, and different types of high entropy oxides (HEOs) are promising TBC ceramics due to their unique characteristics. HEOs are single-phase solid solutions that contain five or more cations, usually a mixture of transition metals and rare-earth elements. Due to the cocktail effect, the final material has a different behavior from its constituents, making it a viable method to improve the properties of traditional materials. Generally, high entropy materials are characterized by three additional phenomena: sluggish diffusion, severe lattice distortion, and high entropy. A review of possible improvements in the lifetime of TBC topcoats using different HEOs in terms of their composition, properties, and stability is presented here. Different HEOs are then examined, and various thermophysical properties, high-temperature stability, and sintering resistance are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This work was conducted as part of the project titled Engineering the Next Generation of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) Via Thermal Spraying, supported by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) Surftec Industrial R&D Group, as well as, the NRC’s National Program Office. The authors would like to acknowledge the NRC, as well as, the Surftec Industrial R&D Group members that supported this investigation and publication, the Consortium de recherche et d’innovation en transformation métallique (CRITM) for funding through its Support Program for Research and Innovation Organizations (PSO), and NRC’s academic collaborator to this project, Concordia University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada

    Hamideh Vakilifard, Hossein Shahbazi, Andre C. Liberati, Rakesh B. Nair Saraswathy, Martin D. Pugh & Christian Moreau

  2. National Research Council of Canada, 75 de Mortagne Blvd, Boucherville, QC, J4B 6Y4, Canada

    Rogerio S. Lima

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  1. Hamideh Vakilifard
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  2. Hossein Shahbazi
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  3. Andre C. Liberati
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  5. Rogerio S. Lima
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  6. Martin D. Pugh
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  7. Christian Moreau
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Correspondence to Hamideh Vakilifard or Christian Moreau.

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This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2023 International Thermal Spray Conference, held May 22-25, 2023, in Québec City, Canada, and has been expanded from the original presentation. The issue was organized by Giovanni Bolelli, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (Lead Editor); Emine Bakan, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Partha Pratim Bandyopadhyay, Indian Institute of Technology, Karaghpur; Šárka Houdková, University of West Bohemia; Yuji Ichikawa, Tohoku University; Heli Koivuluoto, Tampere University; Yuk-Chiu Lau, General Electric Power (Retired); Hua Li, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS; Dheepa Srinivasan, Pratt & Whitney; and Filofteia-Laura Toma, Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology.

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Vakilifard, H., Shahbazi, H., Liberati, A.C. et al. High Entropy Oxides as Promising Materials for Thermal Barrier Topcoats: A Review. J Therm Spray Tech 33, 447–470 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01744-0

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