Abstract
In the present work, ball milling followed by conventional and microwave sintering was used to develop AA7075/SiC/ZrC hybrid composites. Microwave sintering was performed on the optimized volume fractioned AA7075/SiC/ZrC hybrid composite. Addition of ZrC particles to the optimized AA7075/SiC composite improved performance up to 2% ZrC level. The microwave sintered S8Z2 (8% SiC + 2% ZrC) composite exhibited ultimate tensile and compressive strengths of 461 and 510 MPa, respectively, and the same composite sintered through a conventional technique showed maximum tensile and compression strengths of 375 and 420 MPa. Microwave sintered composites with an average grain size of 4.99 µm did not lead to secondary phase generation. A Conventionally sintered composite with an average grain size of 8.59 µm has been shown to have an Al3Zr secondary phase. Restricting grain growth due to quick sintering times, low temperatures, and rapid heating rates promoted grain boundary and dislocation strengthening mechanisms. The generation of the Al3Zr secondary phase degraded the mechanical properties of the conventionally sintered composite. Microwave sintered composites had low pore levels due to uniform heat distribution and a small allowance for the thermal mismatch. A conventionally sintered S8Z2 composite showed a pore level of 2.89%, while a microwave sintered composite showed a pore level of 1.39%, representing densification through rapid diffusion in microwave processing. Overall, the microwave sintered optimized hybrid composite showed an enhancement of 184.5% and 118% in tensile and compression strengths when compared to the base alloy material.
Graphical Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Fenghong, C. Chang, W. Zhenyu, T. Muthuramalingam, and G. Anbuchezhiyan, Effects of Silicon Carbide and Tungsten Carbide in Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites, Silicon, 2019, 11, p 2625–2632. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-0051-6
K. Ravikumar, K. Kiran, and V.S. Sreebalaji, Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Aluminium/Tungsten Carbide Composites, Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., 2017, 102, p 142–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2017.01.045
M.S. Surya and S.K. Gugulothu, Fabrication, Mechanical and Wear Characterization of Silicon Carbide Reinforced Aluminium 7075 Metal Matrix Composite, Silicon, 2021, 14, p 2023–2032. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-00992-x
D. Dey, A. Bhowmik, and A. Biswas, Effect of SiC Content on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Al2024-SiC Composites, Silicon, 2020, 14, p 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00757-y
A. Alizadeh, A. Abdollahi, and M.J. Radfar, Processing, Characterization, Room Temperature Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Hot Extruded Multi-scale B4C Reinforced 5083 Aluminum Alloy Based Composites, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2017, 27, p 1233–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60144-4
G. Manohar, K.M. Pandey, and S.R. Maity, Effect of Sintering Mechanisms on Mechanical Properties of AA7075/B4C Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques, Ceram. Int., 2021, 47, p 15147–15154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.02.073
A. Prasad Reddy, P. Vamsi Krishna, and R.N. Rao, Tribological Behaviour of Al6061-2SiC−xGr Hybrid Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Fabricated through Ultrasonically Assisted Stir Casting Technique, Silicon, 2019, 11, p 2853–2871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-019-0072-9
G. Manohar, S.R. Maity, and K.M. Pandey, Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Microwave Sintered AA7075/Graphite/SiC Hybrid Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques, Silicon, 2021, 14, p 5179–5189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01299-7
R. Askarnia, B. Ghasemi, S.R. Fardi, H.R. Lashgari, and E. Adabifiroozjaei, Fabrication of High Strength Aluminum-Graphene Oxide (GO) Composites Using Microwave Sintering, Adv. Compos. Mater., 2021, 30, p 271–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2020.1811929
M. Rashad, F. Pan, A. Tang, and M. Asif, Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets Addition on Mechanical Properties of Pure Aluminum Using a Semi-powder Method, Prog. Nat. Sci. Mater. Int., 2014, 24, p 101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2014.03.012
A. Patil, M.S.K.K.Y. Nartu, F. Ozdemir, R. Banerjee, R.K. Gupta, and T. Borkar, Strengthening Effects of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Nickel Matrix Nanocomposites, J. Alloys Compd., 2021, 876, p 159981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159981
M.P. Reddy, M.A. Himyan, F. Ubaid, R.A. Shakoor, M. Vyasaraj, P. Gururaj, M. Yusuf, A.M.A. Mohamed, and M. Gupta, Enhancing Thermal and Mechanical Response of Aluminum Using Nanolength Scale TiC Ceramic Reinforcement, Ceram. Int., 2018, 44, p 9247–9254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.02.135
S.M. Hong, J.J. Park, E.K. Park, K.Y. Kim, J.G. Lee, M.K. Lee, C.K. Rhee, and J.K. Lee, Fabrication of Titanium Carbide Nano-Powders by a Very High Speed Planetary Ball Milling with a Help of Process Control Agents, Powder Technol., 2015, 274, p 393–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2015.01.047
H. Kaftelen, M.L. Öveçoĝlu, H. Henein, and H. Çimenoĝlu, ZrC Particle Reinforced Al-4wt.% Cu Alloy Composites Fabricated by Mechanical Alloying and Vacuum Hot Pressing: Microstructural Evaluation and Mechanical properties, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2010, 527, p 5930–5938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.06.007
M. Awad, N.M. Hassan, and S. Kannan, Mechanical Properties of Melt Infiltration and Powder Metallurgy Fabricated Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2021, 235, p 2093–2107. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544054211015956
J. Radhakrishnan and R. Nachimuthu, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Reciprocal Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of As-cast and Heat-Treated TiN/Al-7Si Functionally Graded Composite, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2022, 236, p 1317–1331. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544054221075879
V. Pouyafar and R. Meshkabadi, Evaluating the Morphology and Distribution Uniformity of AZ91D-SiC Composite Powder Produced from Magnesium Chips by Mechanical Milling and Alloying Method, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2021, 236, p 659–667. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544054211040616
J. Prakash, S. Gopalakannan, and V.K. Chakravarthy, Mechanical Characterization Studies of Aluminium Alloy 7075 Based Nanocomposites, Silicon, 2021, 14, p 1683–1694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-00979-8
Z.Y. Hu, Z.H. Zhang, X.W. Cheng, F.C. Wang, Y.F. Zhang, and S.L. Li, A Review of Multi-physical Fields Induced Phenomena and Effects in Spark Plasma Sintering: Fundamentals and Applications, Mater. Des., 2020, 191, p 108662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108662
R. Harichandran and N. Selvakumar, Effect of Nano/Micro B4C Particles on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites Fabricated by Ultrasonic Cavitation-Assisted Solidification Process, Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng., 2016, 16, p 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2015.07.001
R.K. Gupta, K.R. Ravi, V. Udhayabanu, and D.R. Peshwe, Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Al 7075/Grp Composite, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2022, 281, p 125905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2022.125905
J. Zhao and Q. Li, Effect of Magnetic-Mechanical Coupled Stirring on the Distribution of B4C Particles in Al-B4C Composites, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2022, 31, p 907–917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-06294-y
A. Laik, K. Bhanumurthy, and G.B. Kale, Intermetallics in the Zr-Al Diffusion Zone, Intermetallics, 2004, 12, p 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2003.09.002
D. Agaogullari, H. Gökçe, A. Genç, I. Duman, and M. L. Öveçoglu, Characterization of Mechanically Alloyed and Sintered ZRC Particulate Reinforced Al Matrix Composites. Metal 2010–19th International Conference Metallurgy Materials Conference Proceedings (2010), p. 702–708
G. Manohar, K.M. Pandey, and S.R. Maity, Effect of Microwave Sintering on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA7075/B4C/ZrC Hybrid Nano Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques, Ceram. Int., 2021, 47, p 32610–32618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.08.156
S. Rathore, R.K.R. Singh, and K.L.A. Khan, Effect of Process Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Composite Foam Developed by Friction Stir Processing, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2021, 235, p 1892–1903. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544054211021341
V. Popov, A. Borunova, E. Shelekhov, V. Cheverikin, and I. Khodos, Several Aspects of Interaction Between Chrome and Nanodiamond Particles in Metal Matrix Composites When Being Heated, Inventions, 2022, 7, p 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions7030075
M. Penchal Reddy, R.A. Shakoor, A.M.A. Mohamed, and M. Gupta, Microwave Rapid Sintering of Al-Metal Matrix Composites: A Review on the Effect of Reinforcements, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, Metals (Basel), 2016, 6, p 143. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6070143
J.C. Viala, J. Bouix, G. Gonzalez, and C. Esnouf, Chemical Reactivity of Aluminium with Boron Carbide, J. Mater. Sci., 1997, 32, p 4559–4573. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018625402103
R. Ananthanarayanan, N.S. Rai, M. Chand, N. Prasad, R. Ram, and M. Naicker, Densification Behaviour of Sintered-Forged Aluminium Composite Preforms, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2014, 228, p 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405413501811
R.R. Mishra and A.K. Sharma, Microwave-Material Interaction Phenomena: Heating Mechanisms, Challenges and Opportunities in Material Processing, Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., 2016, 81, p 78–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.10.035
M. Bhattacharya and T. Basak, A Review on the Susceptor Assisted Microwave Processing of Materials, Energy, 2016, 97, p 306–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.11.034
A. Kamboj, S. Kumar, and H. Singh, Fabrication and Characterization of Al6063/SiC Composites, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2013, 227, p 1777–1787. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405413493618
Y.J. Joo and K.Y. Cho, Microwave-Assisted Heating Behavior of Amorphous SiC Fibers Derived from Polycarbosilane, Mater. Res. Express, 2021, 8, p 035603. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/abed0e
S. Sivasankaran, K. Sivaprasad, R. Narayanasamy, and P.V. Satyanarayana, X-ray Peak Broadening Analysis of AA 6061100−x–x wt.% Al2O3 Nanocomposite Prepared by Mechanical Alloying, Mater. Charact., 2011, 62, p 661–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2011.04.017
X. Pang, Y. Xian, W. Wang, and P. Zhang, Tensile Properties and Strengthening Effects of 6061Al/12 wt.%B4C Composites Reinforced with Nano-Al2O3 Particles, J. Alloys Compd., 2018, 768, p 476–484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.07.072
S. Singh, D. Gupta, and V. Jain, Recent Applications of Microwaves in Materials Joining and Surface Coatings, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2016, 230, p 603–617. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405414560778
M.R. Mattli, A. Khan, P.R. Matli, M. Yusuf, A.A. Al, R.A. Shakoor, and M. Gupta, Effect of Inconel625 Particles on the Microstructural, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Al-Inconel625 Composites, Mater. Today Commun., 2020, 25, p 101564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101564
M. Kara, T. Coskun, and A. Gunoz, Effect of WC Particles on the Mechanical Behavior and Machinability of Aluminum Matrix Composites, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part C J. Mech. Eng. Sci., 2022, 236, p 10122–10130. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062221098864
N. Vidakis, M. Petousis, E. Velidakis, N. Mountakis, P.E. Fischer-Griffiths, S.A. Grammatikos, and L. Tzounis, Mechanical Reinforcement Course of 3D Printed Polypropylene–Antimony Doped Tin Oxide Nanocomposites Versus Filler Loading, Adv. Compos. Mater., 2022, 31, p 235–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2021.1973173
S. Han, Z. Zhang, P. Ruan, S. Cheng, and D. Xue, Fabrication of Circular Cooling Channels by Cold Metal Transfer Based Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2021, 235, p 1715–1726. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405421995613
O. Yilmaz and A.A. Ugla, Shaped Metal Deposition Technique in Additive Manufacturing: A Review, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2016, 230, p 1781–1798. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405416640181
G. Arora, H. Pathak, and S. Zafar, Fabrication and Characterization of Microwave Cured High-Density Polyethylene/Carbon Nanotube and Polypropylene/Carbon Nanotube Composites, J. Compos. Mater., 2019, 53, p 2091–2104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998318822705
K. Zhao, Z. Duan, J. Liu, G. Kang, and L. An, Strengthening Mechanisms of 15 vol.% Al2O3 Nanoparticles Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Nanocomposite Fabricated by High Energy Ball Milling and Vacuum Hot Pressing, Acta Metall. Sin., 2021 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-021-01306-1
H. Lee, J.H. Choi, M.C. Jo, D. Lee, S. Shin, I. Jo, S.K. Lee, and S. Lee, Effects of SiC Particulate Size on Dynamic Compressive Properties in 7075-T6 Al-SiCp Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2018, 738, p 412–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.09.082
Y.S. Chen, T.J. Chen, S.Q. Zhang, and P.B. Li, Effect of Ball Milling on Microstructural Evolution during Partial Remelting of 6061 Aluminum Alloy Prepared by Cold-Pressing of Alloy Powders, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2015, 25, p 2113–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(15)63822-5
L. Lu, M.O. Lai, and S. Zhang, Diffusion in Mechanical Alloying, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1997, 67, p 100–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(96)02826-9
M.S. Song, B. Huang, M.X. Zhang, and J.G. Li, In Situ Synthesis of ZrC Particles and its Formation Mechanism by Self-Propagating Reaction from Al-Zr-C Elemental Powders, Powder Technol., 2009, 191, p 34–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2008.09.005
A. Melaibari, A. Fathy, M. Mansouri, and M.A. Eltaher, Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Strengthening Mechanisms of Nanostructured Al-SiC Composites, J. Alloys Compd., 2019, 774, p 1123–1132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.10.007
R. Liu, C. Wu, J. Zhang, G. Luo, Q. Shen, and L. Zhang, Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviors of the Ultrafine Grained AA7075/B4C Composites Synthesized Via One-Step Consolidation, J. Alloys Compd., 2018, 748, p 737–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.03.152
P. Roy, S. Singh, and K. Pal, Enhancement of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SiC- and CB-Reinforced Aluminium 7075 Hybrid Composites through Friction Stir Processing, Adv. Compos. Mater., 2017, 28, p 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2017.1405596
H. Alihosseini, K. Dehghani, and J. Kamali, Microstructure Characterization, Mechanical Properties, Compressibility and Sintering Behavior of Al-B4C Nanocomposite Powders, Adv. Powder Technol., 2017, 28, p 2126–2134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2017.05.019
A. Alizadeh, E. Taheri-Nassaj, and H.R. Baharvandi, Preparation and Investigation of Al-4 wt.% B4C Nanocomposite Powders Using Mechanical Milling, Bull. Mater. Sci., 2011, 34, p 1039–1048. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-011-0158-5
M.H. El-Axir, An Investigation into the Ball Burnishing of Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., 2007, 221, p 1733–1742. https://doi.org/10.1243/09544054JEM818
A. Javdani and A.H. Daei-Sorkhabi, Microstructural and Mechanical Behavior of Blended Powder Semisolid Formed Al7075/B4C Composites under Different Experimental Conditions, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2018, 28, p 1298–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(18)64767-3
G. Manohar, K.M. Pandey, and S. Ranjan Maity, Effect of Compaction Pressure on Mechanical Properties of AA7075/B4C/Graphite Hybrid Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques, Mater. Today Proc., 2021, 38, p 2157–2161. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATPR.2020.05.194
G. Manohar, K.M. Pandey, and S.R. Maity, Effect of Variations in Microwave Processing Temperatures on Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of AA7075/SiC/Graphite Hybrid Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques, Silicon, 2022, 14, p 7831–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01554-x
C. Suryanarayana, Mechanical Alloying and Milling, Prog. Mater. Sci., 2001, 46, p 1–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6425(99)00010-9
L. Zhang, G. Shi, K. Xu, W. Hao, Q. Li, W. Junyan, and Z. Wang, Phase Transformation and Mechanical Properties of B4C/Al Composites, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 2020, 9, p 2116–2126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.12.042
Z.Y. Xiu, G.Q. Chen, G.H. Wu, W.S. Yang, and Y.M. Liu, Effect of Volume Fraction on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Si3N4/Al Composites, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2011, 21, p s285–s289. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61592-6
Z. Zhang and D.L. Chen, Consideration of Orowan Strengthening Effect in Particulate-Reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites: A Model for Predicting their Yield Strength, Scr. Mater., 2006, 54, p 1321–1326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.12.017
J. Lai, Z. Zhang, and X.G. Chen, Precipitation Strengthening of Al-B4C Metal Matrix Composites Alloyed with Sc and Zr, J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 552, p 227–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.10.096
G. Manohar, K.M. Pandey, and S.R. Maity, Effect of Spark Plasma Sintering on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA7075/B4C/ZrC Hybrid Nanocomposite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2022, 282, p 126000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2022.126000
E. Ghasali, M. Alizadeh, T. Ebadzadeh, A.H. Pakseresht, and A. Rahbari, Investigation on Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of B4C-Aluminum Matrix Composites Prepared by Microwave Sintering, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 2015, 4, p 411–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JMRT.2015.02.005
M.P. Reddy, V. Manakari, G. Parande, R.A. Shakoor, A.M.A. Mohamed, and M. Gupta, Structural, Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of Al-Cu-Li Particle Reinforced Al-matrix Composites Synthesized by Microwave Sintering and Hot Extrusion, Compos. Part B Eng., 2019, 164, p 485–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.01.063
H. Mohammed, M. Penchal Reddy, F. Ubaid, A. Shakoor, and A. Mohamed Amer Mohamed, Structural and Mechanical Properties of CeO2 Reinforced Al Matrix Nanocomposites, Adv. Mater. Lett., 2018, 9, p 602–605. https://doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2018.2030
M.P. Reddy, R.A. Shakoor, G. Parande, V. Manakari, F. Ubaid, A.M.A. Mohamed, and M. Gupta, Enhanced Performance of Nano-Sized SiC Reinforced Al metal Matrix Nanocomposites Synthesized through Microwave Sintering and Hot Extrusion Techniques, Prog. Nat. Sci. Mater. Int., 2017, 27, p 606–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2017.08.015
A. Khan, P.R. Matli, M. Nawaz, M.R. Mattli, G. Parande, V. Manakari, A. Shakoor, A.S. Aljaber, and M. Gupta, Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Hot Extruded Aluminum/Tin-Bismuth Composites Produced by Powder Metallurgy, Appl. Sci., 2020, 10, p 2812. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10082812
A. Khan, M.W. Abdelrazeq, M.R. Mattli, M.M. Yusuf, A. Alashraf, P.R. Matli, and R.A. Shakoor, Structural and Mechanical Properties of Al-SiC-ZrO2 Nanocomposites Fabricated by Microwave Sintering Technique, Crystals, 2020, 10, p 904. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10100904
M.R. Mattli, P.R. Matli, A. Khan, R.H. Abdelatty, M. Yusuf, Ashraf A. Al, R.G. Kotalo, and R.A. Shakoor, Study of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Al/SiC/TiO2 Hybrid Nanocomposites Developed by Microwave Sintering, Crystals, 2021, 11, p 1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091078
P.R. Matli, F. Ubaid, R.A. Shakoor, G. Parande, V. Manakari, M. Yusuf, A.M. Amer Mohamed, and M. Gupta, Improved Properties of Al-Si3N4 Nanocomposites Fabricated through a Microwave Sintering and Hot Extrusion Process, RSC Adv., 2017, 7, p 34401–10. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7ra04148a
P.R. Matli, V. Manakari, G. Parande, M.R. Mattli, R.A. Shakoor, and M. Gupta, Improving Mechanical, Thermal and Damping Properties of Niti (Nitinol) Reinforced Aluminum Nanocomposites, J. Compos. Sci., 2020, 4, p 18–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs4010019
M.R. Mattli, A. Shakoor, P.R. Matli, and A.M.A. Mohamed, Microstructure and Compressive Behavior of Al-Y2O3 Nanocomposites Prepared by Microwave-Assisted Mechanical Alloying, Metals (Basel)., 2019, 9, p 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9040414
M.P. Reddy, F. Ubaid, R.A. Shakoor, and A.M.A. Mohamed, Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Microwave Sintered Cu50Ti50 Amorphous Alloy Reinforced Al Metal Matrix Composites, JOM, 2018, 70, p 817–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-2831-2
Funding
No Funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Authors don’t have any conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Manohar, G., Kumar, A., Satyanarayana, M.V.N.V. et al. Enhanced Performance of AA7075/SiC/ZrC Hybrid Composite through Microwave Assisted Powder Metallurgy Techniques. J. of Materi Eng and Perform (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-024-09405-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-024-09405-7