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Hot Workability and Microstructure Control of Ti6Al4V Alloy

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Abstract

Titanium alloy Ti6Al4V has been recognized for its high strength-to-weight ratio. Extensive deformation study has been conducted; however, defects like strain-induced porosities, non-uniform microstructure, etc., are observed during thermomechanical processing. So, optimization of thermomechanical processing parameters is highly essential to avoid the recurrence of these kinds of defects. Characterization of defects noticed in hot-rolled ring sample was carried out and a detailed deformation study has been conducted to understand the generation of such defects to avoid their occurrence. The study has been conducted in the temperature range of 800-1050 °C and strain rate of 0.001 to 10 s−1 using a Gleeble 3800 thermomechanical simulator. Microstructural mapping of the deformed Ti6Al4V is carried out. Workability by hot deformation is explained through processing maps. As per the efficiency of power dissipation maps, the maximum efficiency of 65-70 % is obtained in the temperature range of 825-900 °C and strain rate 10−3 to 10 −2.5 s−1 up to 0.4 strains. Arrhenius equations are used to calculate the activation energy of hot deformation and an average of 620.62 kJ/mol was obtained for the temperature range of 750-950 ºC. Prediction capability of constitutive models like the modified Johnson–Cook (m-JC) model and artificial neural network (ANN) was verified for deformation behavior. ANN model is found to give the best fit with an absolute average error (AARE) of 0.0417 and correlation coefficient (R) 0.9985. Hot rolling was also conducted at different temperatures of 800-950 °C in the intervals of 50 °C up to 50 % reduction. Microstructure obtained through hot compression and hot rolling is discussed. Specimen hot compressed at 800 °C and strain rates of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 s−1 showed strain-induced porosities along the grain boundaries. Similarly, hot-rolled samples at 800 °C showed the presence of strain-induced porosities.

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Acknowledgments

Authors wish to express their deep sense of gratitude to Group Director, Materials and Metallurgy Group and Deputy Director, Materials and Mechanical Entity for their encouragement and support during this work. Authors are thankful to Aerospace materials lab team, LPSC, for the support provided for the isothermal compression test carried out in Gleeble thermomechanical simulator.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, 695022, India

    M. S. Dhanya, S. Anoop, Sushant K. Manwatkar & Rohit Kumar Gupta

  2. Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, 695022, India

    Ravi Ranjan Kumar & S. V. S. Narayana Murty

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  1. M. S. Dhanya
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Dhanya, M.S., Anoop, S., Manwatkar, S.K. et al. Hot Workability and Microstructure Control of Ti6Al4V Alloy. J. of Materi Eng and Perform (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-024-09228-6

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