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Tailoring Porosity and Microstructure of Alpha-Titanium by Combining Powder Metallurgy and Ultrasonic Impact Treatment to Control Elastic and Fatigue Properties

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Abstract

With the aim of controlling fatigue and elastic behaviors, the specimens of alpha-Ti were produced using the powder metallurgy (PM) technique and then subjected to plastic deformation induced by multiple sliding impacts by the specimen surface produced at ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT). The dependencies of residual porosity of the PM Ti specimens on the powder particle size, hydrogen content, compact pressures, and vacuum sintering temperature are analyzed. The diminishment in the elastic properties with increasing porosity is assessed. The effect of the UIT process on the stress-controlled fatigue response of the PM Ti is studied. The microstructure of the UIT-processed specimens was observed by XRD, LOM, TEM, and SEM techniques. The UIT process leads to approx. four times decrease in the surface roughness (Ra = 0.34 μm) parameter, three times increase in microhardness (HV ≈ 5 GPa), and forms compressive stresses of ~ 420 MPa. After UIT, fatigue strength was increased by about 36% on the base of 107 cycles, and the lifetime was prolonged by two orders of magnitude at the applied stress amplitude of 300 MPa. Cross sections of the UIT-processed specimens were revealed to have a multilayer structure comprising the outmost layer of ~ 30 to 50 μm thick contained nanoscale randomly oriented grains of 5-30 nm in size, intermediate condensed (pores free) layer of ~ 150 to 200 μm thick, and porous core. The UIT process combined with the PM route is concluded to be an effective technique to achieve superior fatigue behaviors of PM-titanium products both in LCF and HCF regimes owing to (1) the ultrafine-grained condensed sub-surface layer with inhibited strain localization and slowed down crack propagation and (2) the formation of the hardened top-surface layer with nanocrystalline structure, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine [Grant Numbers 94/14-H, 0119U001167, 0120U101261].

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  1. G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 36 Academician Vernadsky blvd., Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine

    B. N. Mordyuk, A. I. Dekhtyar, D. G. Savvakin & N. I. Khripta

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Mordyuk, B.N., Dekhtyar, A.I., Savvakin, D.G. et al. Tailoring Porosity and Microstructure of Alpha-Titanium by Combining Powder Metallurgy and Ultrasonic Impact Treatment to Control Elastic and Fatigue Properties. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 31, 5668–5678 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-06633-7

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