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Effects of Yttrium and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CLAM Steel

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Abstract

The effects of normalizing and tempering temperatures on the microstructures and mechanical properties of China Low Activation Martensitic (CLAM) steel with and without yttrium were studied. Based on the optimized traditional heat treatment, two special intermediate heat treatments were studied to improve the mechanical properties of the steels. The AC3 temperature of the CLAM steel was increased by adding yttrium. The optimized traditional heat treatments were 1000 °C × 30 min + 755 °C × 90 min and 1050 °C × 30 min + 755 °C × 90 min for the C1 and C2 alloys, respectively. The intermediate heat treatment results indicated that the precipitation behavior of carbides was effectively controlled. The size of the M23C6 carbides was refined during the two intermediate heat treatments due to the priority precipitation of MX particles. However, coarsening of grains and martensite laths occurred during heat treatment with furnace cooling. The twice-quenched tempering samples had a smaller grain size and martensite lath width than the other samples. The ductile–brittle transition temperature was − 69 and − 103 °C for the C1 and C2 alloys with twice quenching, and the yield strengths were 745 and 760 MPa, respectively. An excellent balance of strength and impact toughness was obtained with the twice-quenching and once tempering heat treatment process.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51874081, 51574063), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N150204012), and Liaoning Province Doctoral Research Initiation Fund Guidance Project (No. 20170520079). We thank Liwen Bianji, Edanz Editing China (www.liwenbianji.cn/ac), for editing the English text of a draft of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Guoxing Qiu, Changsheng Li & Min Qi

  2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Guoxing Qiu, Dongping Zhan, Yongkun Yang & Zhouhua Jiang

  3. School of Metallurgy Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi, 117004, China

    Huishu Zhang

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  1. Guoxing Qiu
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Correspondence to Dongping Zhan.

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Qiu, G., Zhan, D., Li, C. et al. Effects of Yttrium and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CLAM Steel. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 29, 42–52 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-04574-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-04574-7

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