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Mechanism and Model of Nitrogen Absorption of Molten Steel During N2 Injection Process in RH Vacuum

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Abstract

Herein, the mechanism of nitrogen absorption of the molten steel by injecting N2 was studied during the RH vacuum refining process. The dissolution behaviour of N2 in the molten steel was analyzed through the thermodynamic and kinetic calculations. For the N2 bubbles in the upward flow, the phenomenon of the nitrogen absorption, equilibrium, and denitrification occurred simultaneously in the up snorkel. The process is divided into three stages: (1) the larger static pressure of the molten steel makes the equilibrium value higher than the [N] content when the N2 bubbles begin to rise at the N2 inlet. Then, the nitrogen diffuses from N2 bubbles to the molten steel and the [N] content increases; (2) the [N] content in the molten steel reaches the equilibrium value; (3) the smaller static pressure of the molten steel makes the equilibrium value lower than the [N] content when N2 bubbles are close to the surface of the molten steel in the vacuum chamber. Then, the nitrogen diffuses from the molten steel to N2 bubbles and the [N] content decreases. In addition, a nitrogen dissolution model was established which took into account the static pressure both the molten steel and the vacuum chamber. The nitrogen dissolution model was verified by the industrial trials in a 300 t ladle RH treatment. The predicted results by the optimized nitrogen dissolution model agreed well with the measured results. Results showed that the nitrogen dissolution rate increased significantly with the increasing of the vacuum chamber pressure and the decreasing of the initial [N] content in the molten steel, respectively, while the temperature of molten steel had less effect on the nitrogen dissolution rate.

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Acknowledgments

The authors deeply appreciate Shougang Group Co., Ltd. for permission to publish this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China

    Wenliang Dong & Anjun Xu

  2. Research Institute of Technology, Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100043, P.R. China

    Wenliang Dong, Baisong Liu, Haichen Zhou, Chenxi Ji, Haibo Li & Tonghe Wang

  3. Steelmaking Department, Shougang Jingtang United Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Tangshan, 063200, Hebei, P.R. China

    Shaojun Wang

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  1. Wenliang Dong
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Correspondence to Wenliang Dong or Anjun Xu.

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Dong, W., Xu, A., Liu, B. et al. Mechanism and Model of Nitrogen Absorption of Molten Steel During N2 Injection Process in RH Vacuum. Metall Mater Trans B 55, 72–82 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02937-8

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