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Effect of Rare Earth Ce on the Solidification Structure of Fe–18Cr–0.8Si Ferritic Stainless Steel

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Abstract

The effect of rare earth Ce on the solidification structure of Fe–18Cr–0.8Si ferritic stainless steel (FSS) is investigated by experiments and theoretical calculations. The results show that 0.012 mass pct Ce does not improve the solidification structure of FSS; however, 0.023 mass pct Ce and 0.039 mass pct Ce significantly increase the equiaxed zone ratio and refine the equiaxed grain to improve the solidification structure. The difference in the solidification structure of FSS with different Ce contents is related to the heterogeneous nucleation of rare earth inclusions. Large liquid or semiliquid Si-containing rare earth inclusions that are not used as heterogeneous nucleation cores form in FSS with 0.012 mass pct Ce. However, Ce–O, which is used as a heterogeneous nucleation core, forms in FSS with 0.023 mass pct and 0.039 mass pct Ce. The thermodynamic calculation results show that it is necessary to increase the Ce and S contents and decrease the O content to avoid the formation of Si-containing rare earth inclusions. In addition, the action form of Ce in FSS and the influencing mechanisms of rare earth inclusions as nucleation cores on the solidification structure are analyzed based on a multivariate Kurz–Giovanola–Trivedi dendrite growth kinetic model and a columnar-to-equiaxed transition model.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51874034).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Room 1014, NO.30, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China

    Daohua Bao, Guoguang Cheng, Yu Huang & Tong Qiao

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  1. Daohua Bao
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Correspondence to Guoguang Cheng.

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Bao, D., Cheng, G., Huang, Y. et al. Effect of Rare Earth Ce on the Solidification Structure of Fe–18Cr–0.8Si Ferritic Stainless Steel. Metall Mater Trans B 54, 944–958 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02737-0

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