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Effect of Refractory on Nonmetallic Inclusions in Al-Killed Steel

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Abstract

To understand the effect of refractory on the evolution of inclusions in the secondary steelmaking, steel samples were taken at different stages of the process train. Laboratory experiments were carried out using different refractories (alumina, spinel, and MgO). In the laboratory study, the types of inclusions considered were alumina, spinel, and calcium aluminate. The focus was given to Al-killed steel. The results showed that alumina refractory and spinel refractory had little effect on all the three types of inclusions, while the effect of MgO refractory depended on the activity of dissolved oxygen in liquid steel. With lower oxygen activity, alumina inclusions could transform into spinel inclusions. No evident change could be found for spinel and calcium aluminate inclusions. When the oxygen activity was high enough, spinel inclusions could not be generated from alumina inclusions. The laboratory results helped in understanding the evolution of the inclusions in the industrial process.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are very thankful to Dr. Fan Li and Mr. Yunguang Chi for their help in the experiments. China Scholarship Council (CSC) is acknowledged for supporting Zhiyin Deng’s study at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. The authors are also grateful for the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1560208) and National Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (2014029101).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P.R. China

    Zhiyin Deng (Lecturer) & Miaoyong Zhu (Professor)

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 110819, Stockholm, Sweden

    Zhiyin Deng (Lecturer) & Du Sichen (Professor)

Authors
  1. Zhiyin Deng
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  2. Miaoyong Zhu
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  3. Du Sichen
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Correspondence to Zhiyin Deng.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted April 7, 2016.

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Deng, Z., Zhu, M. & Sichen, D. Effect of Refractory on Nonmetallic Inclusions in Al-Killed Steel. Metall Mater Trans B 47, 3158–3167 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-016-0746-2

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